Ua li no, tsis txhob hnov qab txog peb yam ntawm kev noj qab haus huv nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib: qhov tswj lub cev tsis tu ncua, txoj kev noj haus thiab ua kom ib ce muaj zog. Ib txoj kev ntsuas khoom noj qab zib rau ntshav qab zib mellitus aims tsis tsuas yog kom txo tau cov ntshav qab zib, tab sis kuj yuav txo qhov noj tau cov rog. Peb mam li tham txog txhua yam hauv qab no.
Raws li kev kawm niaj hnub ntawm cov dietitians qhia tau hais tias, nws tsis tas yuav cais tawm suab thaj los ntawm kev noj haus ntawm ib tug neeg mob. Koj tuaj yeem tawm hauv cov khoom noj qee yam ntawm peb li beet lossis pas nrig qab zib, uas nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib raug txais yuav hloov los ntawm lwm cov tshuaj, sweeteners. Nws yog ib qhov tseem ceeb kom thwj xam tus nqi ntawm nws noj nyob rau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kuaj ntshav.
Cov teeb meem, uas ntshai heev rau cov neeg mob ntshav qab zib, muaj peev xwm raug zam los ntawm kev tswj cov theem ntawm cov ntshav qab zib hauv cov ntshav. Yog li, koj yuav tsum tau xaiv xuas kab mob ntshav qab zib.
Ntshav qab zib yuav tsum ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no:
- peb yuav tsum ua kom paub tseeb tias txhua feem ntawm lub sijhawm noj tshais, pluas su thiab noj hmo yog qhov sib npaug;
- nws yog qhov zoo dua, yog tias noj khoom noj txhua txhua hnub tib lub sijhawm;
- Yuav tsum tsis txhob plam noj mov;
- tib lub sij hawm, koj kuj yuav tsum tau ua kom ib ce muaj zog;
- tib yam siv rau kev noj tshuaj rau ntshav qab zib.
Cov kev ntsuas no yuav pab tswj cov ntshav qab zib nyob rau tib theem, tsis pub dhau lub cev. Thaum ib tug neeg noj khoom noj, qhov piam thaj hauv nws cov ntshav ntws. Yog tias ib pluag mov noj me ntsis, thiab thaum lub sij hawm lwm - ntau ntxiv, yuav muaj qhov hloov mus rau hauv qab zib. Cov kev hloov no muaj kev txaus ntshai dua li qhov tsis sib xws me me rau qhov nqi uas lub cev hloov tau.
Thaum xaiv cov khoom ua raws li cov cai hauv qab no:
- qhov faib khoom noj rau hauv feem ntau yog ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua txhua hnub ntau ntawm cov calorie ntau ntau thiab cov as-ham (vitamins, minerals);
- npaj khoom noj los ntawm cov khoom uas paub zoo: zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, nqaij, mis;
- cov khoom muaj raug xaiv tsawg-rog, qhov no txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv mob yuav luag ob zaug;
- cov khoom noj uas muaj rog thiab qab zib tsis nyob hauv kev txwv, tab sis muaj kev txwv loj;
- Cov khoom noj yuav ua tau siav yam tsis muaj kev txwv.
Kev ntsuas khoom noj yog tsim los siv rau hauv cov account txhua hnub txhua lub sijhawm. Lawv tuaj yeem sib txawv hauv cov neeg uas muaj ntau txoj hauv kev hauv lub neej, txawv txawv, hnub nyoog. Tsis txhob hnov qab tias koj xav tau kev tswj xyuas cov kev mob hnyav dua. Yog li, qhov kev noj haus pub rau lub sijhawm los poob phaus. Qhov hnyav tshaj qhov ua rau lub plawv dhia, cov hlab ntsha, lub cev mus rau lub cev thiab ua rau kom muaj teeb meem.
Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, peb pawg neeg noj cov zaub mov tau tsim: 1200-1600, 1600-2000 thiab 2000-2400 calories. Nws tsis yog ntau. Raws li kev noj haus rau cov neeg noj qab nyob zoo rau cov neeg noj qab haus huv ua hauj lwm hauv kev sim ua haujlwm (piv txwv li, cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv chaw ua haujlwm), feem ntau ntawm kev siv zog yog kwv yees li 2,700 calories rau cov txiv neej thiab 2,500 rau cov poj niam.
Thawj pab pawg (noj zaub mov ntawm 1200-1600 calorie) yog tsim rau cov poj niam uas tsis tshua muaj kev loj hlob uas muaj cov kev ua si txhua hnub thiab rau cov neeg siab dua uas tsis muaj teeb meem.
Cov khoom noj txhua hnub muab faib ua 6 feem sib npaug, uas tau muab coj los ua ke. Lub sijhawm pw tsaug zog tsis raug coj mus rau hauv koj tus account. Cov zaub mov muaj 1-2 feem pua ntawm cov khoom siv mis nyuj, 1-2 plhaws ntawm cov tais diav, 3 pluag zaub. Muaj roj muaj cov khoom muaj nyob rau hauv tsis pub ntau tshaj 3 feem.
Qhov thib ob pab pawg (noj zaub mov ntawm 1600-2000 calorie) yog tsim rau cov poj niam loj uas yuav tsum poob phaus. Tsis tas li ntawd, rau cov txiv neej uas qis los yog ib txwm muaj kev loj hlob nrog lub cev ua si thiab rau cov txiv neej ntawm qhov siab qhov nruab nrab, uas xav tau poob phaus.
Cov zaub mov txhua hnub muab faib ua 8 feem pua zoo tib yam, uas tau muab coj los sib qhia tas li. Kev pw tsaug zog tsis tau muab tso rau hauv koj tus account. Cov khoom noj muaj 1-3 li ntawm cov khoom noj siv mis, 1-3 plhom zaub mov, 4 zaub zaub los yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov roj muaj cov khoom muaj nyob rau hauv tsis pub ntau tshaj 4 plhom.
Pab pawg thib peb (kev noj haus ntawm 2000-2400 calorie ntau ntau) yog tsim rau cov poj niam thiab cov txiv neej ntawm txoj kev loj hlob nrog rau lub cev ua ub no.
Cov khoom noj txhua hnub faib rau 11 qhov sib npaug. Cov zaub mov muaj 2 plhom ntawm cov khoom noj siv mis, 2 plhaub tais mov, 4 zaub qhwv zaub thiab 3 plhau txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov rog yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 5 qhov.
Nyob rau hauv kev noj haus, feem ntau yog txhais tau tias yog cov nqi ntawm cov khoom noj uas muaj cov nqi caloric. Qhov no txhais tau tias kom noj zaub mov ntawm peb pawg, ib feem ntawm cov khoom muaj 2400: 11 = 218 calories. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog yog txiav txim raws li cov ntxhuav. Nyob rau hauv ib lub tais, ntau yam khoom yuav ua ke: mis nyuj, zaub, thiab lwm yam. Txoj kev faib kev faib tawm no yuav pab kom tau xuas khoom noj uas yuav ua kom muaj qab zib tsawg hauv cov ntshav.
Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias diabetics yuav tsum tsis txhob siv "ceev carbohydrates". Lawv feem ntau muaj feem xyuam rau theem qab zib. Xws li digestible carbohydrates feem ntau pom nyob hauv cov khoom qab zib, qab zib, chocolate. Khoom noj tshwj xeeb, uas yog muag hauv khw muag khoom ntawm lub "txee rau diabetics" tsis muaj xws li carbohydrates.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntshav qab zib mellitus, calorie kom tsawg yuav tsum tsuas yog 50-60% vim yog carbohydrates. "Fast" carbohydrates raug hloov los ntawm "qeeb" carbohydrates, uas muaj nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau pom nyob rau hauv qhob cij los ntawm wholemeal hmoov. Nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov koj muaj peev xwm ntxiv ib tug me ntsis xim av cane qab zib. Nws yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj ntxhia cov tshuaj thiab muaj carbohydrates, uas yog absorbed ntau qeeb dua cov neeg nyob rau hauv dawb qab zib. Hnub, koj tuaj yeem tso tau ntev txog 2 teaspoons ntawm cov piam thaj xim av, uas, yog tias ua tau, muab faib rau tag nrho cov zaub mov.
Kev noj haus rau cov ntshav qab zib yuav tsum muaj cov vitamins txaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov pawg B thiab C.