Tam sim no, ultrasound, los yog lwm txoj hauv kev, sau ntawv, yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, feem ntau thiab zoo tshaj txoj kev ntsuas tus txheej txheem ntawm cev xeeb tub. Transvaginal echography tso cai rau koj pom ib tug me nyuam hauv plab nyob rau hauv lub uterine kab noj hniav 21 hnub tom qab kev xav, thiab tom qab plaub - thiab tus neeg nyob ntawm lub qe.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas thawj zaug thaum cev xeeb tub, ultrasound nqa ib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb uas zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev kuaj mob thaum ntxov. Tom qab ntawd nws yuav paub tseeb tias tus me nyuam yeej muaj tseeb, nws yuav pab tau cov niam txiv yav tom ntej saib ntawm pob ntseg, ob lub qhov muag thiab cov cwj mem ntawm tus me nyuam yav tom ntej.
Tag nrho cov poj niam cev xeeb tub muaj kev txhawj txog kev ruaj ntseg ntawm ultrasound. Nyob rau hauv 1978 (tom qab ntawd ultrasound tsis yog massively thov), kev tshawb fawb tau nqa tawm ntawm biological sib nrauj ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm ultrasound nyob nyob cov ntaub so ntswg. Cov kev tshwm sim qhia tau hais tias txawm tias nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm ntau dhau heev lawm ntawm tus qauv siv ntawm ultrasound, tsis muaj teebmeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov mammalian embryos thaum lub sijhawm kuaj pom.
Nyob hauv thawj peb lub hlis thaum cev xeeb tub, qhov kev tsis txaus siab ntawm ultrasound yog qhov tsis zoo. Txhua xyoo, raws li kev txheeb xyuas, kwv yees li ntawm ib puas me nyuam yaus hauv Moscow tau yug los nrog Down syndrome. Tsis yog txhua tus kws kho mob paub tias nws muaj peev xwm xav tias tsam muaj kab mob loj no nrog kev pab los ntawm kev sau cim npe nyob rau ntawm 12-13 lub lis piam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau kuaj thawj ultrasound xeem ua ntej xaus rau lub sijhawm no. Cia peb kawm saib yog vim li cas.
- Thaum lub sijhawm no, qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub fetus thiab cov cim ntawm chromosomal pathology yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kuaj tau. Tsuas yog ob peb lub lis piam tom qab, cov ntsiab lus ntawm ultrasound uas tuaj yeem paub txog Down syndrome thiab lwm yam mob hnyav tuaj yeem ploj tsis muaj qhov cim tseg.
- Yog tias muaj neeg pov thawj ntawm chromosomal pathology, cov kws kho mob muaj sij hawm los ua qhov kev tshawb fawb caj ces tshwj xeeb thiab thaum muaj teebmeem tshwm sim rau kev cev xeeb tub.
- Thawj lub caij nyoog trimester yog qhov siab tshaj plaws rau kev tsim ntawm lub hnub nyoog gestational hnub nyoog ntawm lub fetus nrog ib tug meej ntawm ob peb hnub. Thaum muaj teeb meem, obstetricians yuav tau coj kom meej meej ntawm lub hnub nyoog no.
Hauv cov theem thaum ntxov ntawm cev xeeb tub, ultrasound yog ua tiav raws li cov hom phiaj:
- Ntawv pov thawj ntawm cev xeeb tub. Ultrasound yog qhov tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev txhim kho cev xeeb tub thaum ntxov.
- Kev txhais ntawm lub sijhawm. Nyob rau ntawm tsib lub limtiam nrog kev pabcuam ntawm ultrasound, koj tuaj yeem txiavtxim txog qhov ntev ntawm kev xeebtub. Qhov yuam kev tsuas yog 2-3 hnub, vim hais tias nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm no tag nrho cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog yuav luag tib yam.
- Qhov chaw ntawm lub qe. Hauv cov theem thaum ntxov ntawm cev xeeb tub, ib qho ectopic cev xeeb tub yuav kuaj tau siv ultrasound. Qee lub sij hawm muaj qee zaum muaj thaum muaj ib lub hnab ntim ntawm 2 lub hnab hauv ib zaug. Hauv qhov no, ib qho yog nyob rau hauv, thiab lwm qhov yog sab nraum lub tsev menyuam. Yog xav paub seb puas muaj ib qho ectopic cev xeeb tub, thawj tus ultrasound tau ua ntau zaus tom qab 10 hnub qeeb.
- Vitality ntawm lub embryo. Ultrasound nyob rau ntawm tsib lub lim tiam ntawm cev xeeb tub pub koj kho lub zog ntawm lub fetus, thiab nyob rau hauv plaub lub lim tiam koj yuav pom li cas lub plawv ntawm lub embryo yog shortened.
- Tus naj npawb ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Hauv ib lub sijhawm ntawm 6 lub lis piam, ultrasound tuaj yeem ntes cov muaj ob txoj qe thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus tuaj. Nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm ob lub fetuses nyob rau hauv tsev menyuam, qhov txaus ntshai nce ntxiv (kwv yees li 10 zaug). Hauv qhov no, ntau lub ultrasound ua tsis tau, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau ua ntau zaus.
- Kev qog ntawm cev xeeb tub. Thaum cev xeeb tub, ua tsaug rau thawj lub ultrasound, koj tuaj yeem paub tias seb puas yog kev xav ntawm kev xav ntawm cov hlav qe menyuam, uterine fibroids lossis qee yam kev hlav tshwm sim.
- Kev hem ntawm rho menyuam. Yog hais tias ib tug poj niam tau xuas phom sij ntawm cov theem pib, nws yog qhov yuav tsum paub seb lub plawv ntawm lub embryo ua haujlwm zoo li cas. Nyob rau ntawm 3-4 lub lim piam, ultrasound tuaj yeem siv los txiav txim siab tias qhov kev ploj zuj zus ntawm placental tsis tshwm sim, thiab yog muaj li, tom qab ntawd saib xyuas qhov kev soj ntsuam ntawm qhov tseeb kom txo tau qhov me me ntawm qhov yuav tau qis me me.
Thaum cev xeeb tub, thawj tus ultrasound hauv cov theem thaum ntxov tuaj yeem pab txheeb xyuas tus mob ntawm lub tsho me nyuam. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntxiv ultrasound muab lub sijhawm rau ntau tshaj qhov txiav txim siab seb qhov kev xeeb tub tau pib.