Qhov kawg theem ntawm tsim ntawm lub teb chaws cuisine ntawm Ukraine tuaj thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. Tab sis nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov lub sij hawm ntawm nws tsim nws txawv me ntsis los ntawm cov nyob sab nrauv Belarusian, Lavxias teb sab thiab Polish cuisines. Nws yog txuas nrog lub fact tias ntau thaj tsam ntawm tam sim no-hnub Ukraine rau ib ntev lub sij hawm yog ib feem ntawm Poland thiab Russia, thiab lwm yam nyob sab qab teb xeev (Hungary, Romania, Poland thiab Lithuania). Qhov no tuaj yeem piav qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm ntau yam ntawm cov tais diav uas nrov nyob hauv thaj chaw sib txawv.
Yuav ua li cas yog lub Ukrainian cuisine tsim?
Lub chav ua noj ntawm Ukraine tau ua los ntawm twb tsim ntsiab ntawm qhov ua noj ua haus huv ntawm ntau thaj chaw. Ukraine yog ib thaj chaw loj heev, thiab lub ntsiab los ntawm cov chav ua noj yog tsim muaj ntau ntau. Neighboring haiv neeg, cov uas yog Tatars, Hungary, Turks, Greeks, Moldovans, pab lawv "saj" rau cov tais diav ntawm Ukraine. Tab sis txawm tus loj heev ntawm influencing yam, Ukrainian zaub mov tau tsim heev uniform thiab rau ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov khoom siv rau ua noj ua haus, thiab los ntawm txoj kev ntawm kev ua cov khoom no. Tom qab kev cuam tshuam ntawm Golden Horde (Mongolian Mongol invasion), kev twb kev txuas nrog cov kab lig kev cai ntawm qub Lavxias teb sab zaub mov poob lawm.
Cov hau kev ua noj ua haus cov kws ua dej num hauv German thiab Hungarian thiab cov tswv yim ntawm Turkish thiab Tatar cuisine sib haum xeeb nrog lub Vukrainian cuisine. Ntau yam yog, cov ua tiav ntawm Turkic ua cov khoom nyob rau hauv roj hauv Ukraine hu ua "smeared." Raws li txoj cai, dos yog kib ntawm no thiab ntau yam zaub ua ntej muab lawv rau khoom plig. Tab sis ib tug loj heev tus lauj kaub tais diav nrog nqaij npuas connects cuisine ntawm Hungary, Czech koom pheej, Slovakia thiab Belarus nrog Ukrainian cuisine. Ib tug yuav tsis tsis nco ntsoov lub luag hauj lwm ntawm zaub roj nyob rau hauv Ukraine, rau nws siv yog feem ntau ntsib ntawm no. Nws tsis yog siv rau hauv cov ntaub qhwv los yog cov ntawv haus xwb, nws yog siv los ua rog rau roasting, khoom txhua lwm yam nqaij uas nws tsis ua. Hom khaub thuas qab pastry - verguns tsuas yog ntim hauv roj. Nyob rau hauv no chav ua noj, lub qe muaj ntau siv rau kev npaj noj tshais, thiab rau ci ntau txiv hmab txiv ntoo pies.
Ib me ntsis txog Ukrainian pastry
Ci thiab flour khoom - qhov no yog ib tshooj loj ntawm Ukrainian zaub mov. Qhov feem ntau nyiam hom kev xeem nyob rau hauv Ukraine yog tshiab. Semi-tshuab, nrog cov hmoov ci, custard. Lub npuav thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus zoo dua yog siv los ua cov khoom qab zib qab zib. Dumplings thiab dumplings, greeks thiab lemis yog lub teb chaws dishes, npaj los ntawm ib tug mov tsis muaj roj thiab cov yau - vergones thiab "stabby". Los ntawm cov poov xab noj, raws li txoj cai, ci qhob cij khoom, xws li "palyanytsi" (loaf), ua noj ua haus caw (qhob nplej los ntawm hmoov nplej thiab hmoov ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm viburnum). Cov hmoov nplej ua rau lub cev ua rau lub khob noom cookie ntau heev siv ntau hom hmoov nplej rau hauv cov dej nrog buckwheat. Cov cereal uas nrov tshaj plaws yog cov noob thiab cov txhuv (hu ua "Sorochin phom" los yog Saracen nrog lub hint ntawm ntuj lossis Arabic).
Daim ntawv thov ntawm zaub
Nyob rau hauv Ukraine, heev fond ntawm zaub. Ntawm no nws yog ib qho txiaj ntsim sab phom rau nqaij nqaij los yog raws li ib tug txiav rau roj. Nrov tshaj plaws thiab tau hais tias lub teb chaws yog "Buryak" (beetroot). Nws yog siv thiab siv nyob rau hauv ntau hom ntawv. Quail beets yog lub ntsiab hnav khaub ncaws rau feem ntau borscht.
Xws li cov ceg leguminous li taum los yog lentils ntxiv cov additives rau borsch, los yog lawv yuav ua tau ib qho zoo phaj tais. Tseem nyob rau hauv Ukraine lawv nyiam carrots, qos yaj ywm thiab txiv lws suav. Pob kws ua raws li kev ntxiv rau ntau hom zaub nyoos los yog tsuas yog kub nyhiab. Qos yaj ywm yog dav siv nyob rau hauv Ukrainian zaub mov, thiab feem ntau nws yog ib tug sab zaub mov nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm puree rau boiled los yog kib nqaij. Cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab raug muab tso rau hauv kev siv thaum npaj cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo jelly thiab lwm yam khoom qab zib.
"Cult" ntawm cov roj zaub
Ib tug tsawg zaub mov nyob rau hauv Ukrainian zaub mov tsis muaj kev siv ntawm zaub roj. Qhov nrov tshaj plaws roj zaub yog sunflower roj. Raws li cov kev ua cov noob paj noob hlis, muaj ob hom: roj ntawm txias thiab kub xovxwm. Hauv cov sijhawm thaum ub, neeg siv cov nqaij npuas daig (roj pleev), thiab cov roj noob hnyuv pib siv ntau zaus, thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo dhau los. Nrog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov noob txiv ntoo, cov khoom qab zib (vinaigrettes, ntsuab zaub xam lav nrog txiv lws suav thiab cucumbers) yog siv los tua cov roj rau kub kub thiab cov roj txias txias mus rau txoj kev ci thiab ci txheej txheem.
Seasoning rau cov tais diav
Los ntawm cov seasonings, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov siv dos, qej, dill, parsley, cumin. Vinegar feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si nqaij lauj kaub tais diav thiab ntau yam zaub nyoos. Hauv qab zib cov khoom noj qab zib yuav tsum ntxiv cinnamon thiab cloves.
Nrov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm Vukrainian Cuisine
Cov nyiam tshaj txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv Ukraine yog apples, pears, islets. Lawv cov khoom pies, ci rau hauv qhov cub, ua kom cov kab xo tawm ntawm lawv, Cov neeg haus luam yeeb thiab gooseberries zoo siab heev li raw cov ntaub ntawv ua rau cov khoom xyaw thiab dej qab zib.
Ua cov khoom
Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia ib txoj kev tov ntawm kev tsim cov khoom kub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nqaij. Ua ntej koj pib kho kub ntev, seb nws yog extinguishing, ua noj los yog kib, ua ntej noj cov zaub mov hauv cov roj (yog hais tias nws yog nqaij, ces txog thaum muaj khib nyiab tshwm). Nrog rau no txoj kev ua noj ua haus nyob rau hauv Ukraine yog txuam nrog cov tsos ntawm cov tais diav - txhua yam cauldrons thiab frying-lauj kaub, bowls, khob thiab glets (jugs).
Los ntawm cov hau kev ntawm kev ua ntu zus ntawm cov khoom, muaj kev tso tawm shins, nplua zoo ntawm nqaij nrog ib rab riam. Lub nplua nuj ntawm cov tais diav los ntawm crushed nqaij-nqaij, cov khoom noj, cov pob zeb thiab cov phua ntiag yog piav qhia los ntawm qev los ntawm German cuisine los ntawm zaub mov ntawm Poland thiab Czech koom pheej. Zoo li txhua chav ua noj nrog ntev keeb kwm, Ukrainian zaub mov txawv heev hauv cheeb tsam. Yog hais tias koj noj Western Ukrainian zaub mov thiab Eastern Ukrainian, ces lawv yog cov sib txawv. Tsuas yog ib hom borsch nyob rau hauv Ukraine yog ntau tshaj 30. Borsch muaj peev xwm muaj txog li 20 khoom xyaw, qhov yooj yim - cabbage, beets, txiv lws suav rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lws suav muab tshuaj txhuam los yog lws suav kua txiv.