Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov no yog daim siab thiab txiav. Cov zaub mov hauv qaub ncaug hauv lub qhov ncauj thiab digestive juices nyob rau hauv plab thiab hnyuv zom rau hauv cov ntsiab lus, thiab los ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm txoj hnyuv cov khoom siv los ntawm lawv nkag mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Tom qab ntawd tag nrho cov ballast ntxiv rau daim siab toxins uas tau raug ua los ntawm daim siab lub zom cov digestive system. Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev zom mov ntawm cov khoom noj nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg laus yuav siv sij hawm 24-36 teev, thaum nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam mos yuav siv 6-18 xuab moos. Tus nplaig thiab cov hniav yog lub tswv yim tseem ceeb rau kev sib tsoo, nplawm thiab qhwv nrog cov qaub ncaug. Thawj cov hniav ntawm cov mos ab tshwm sim rau 6 lub hlis, thaum lawv lub cev pib npaj rau kev tsim khoom noj ntau dua. Qaub ncaug - nws yog tsim los ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav thiab cov hlab ntaws. Thiab txawm nyob hauv cov me nyuam yug los, nws muaj qhov sib txawv tsim nyog rau kev faib khoom noj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qaub ncaug ua rau lub qhov ncauj tawm ntawm qhov ncauj - qhov chaw txuam ntawm cov kab mob loj heev, nrog rau cov uas tsis zoo rau tus menyuam. Tshem tawm hauv cov mos ab txog li 3 lub hlis me me, tab sis txij li lub sijhawm ntawd, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom tshiab tshwm sim hauv lawv cov zaub mov, nws yog qhov ua ntau dua. Txij li 1 xyoos tus me nyuam tsis tuaj yeem nqos tau tag nrho cov qaub ncaug tsim, feem ntau nws nyob nraum zoov, thiab qhov no yog qhov qub.
Vim muaj kev tsimtxom ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kabmob, thiab qaug ntawm kev raug mob thiab cov zaubmov irritants (uas yog cov zaubmov tshiab thaum xub thawj) cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem muaj kabmob ntawm qhov ncauj kabmob - stomatitis (qhov mob ntawm lub qhov ncauj), gingivitis (qhov pos hniav), periodontitis (inflammation of parietal cov ntaub so ntswg ), thrush (fungal tus kab mob ntawm lub qhov ncauj mucosa).
Stomatitis
Hauv cov menyuam uas tau pub mis rau menyuam noj, feem ntau mob siab ua rau tus mob herpes simplex. Hauv qhov no, qhov kub nce siab, lub teeb thiab mob pob ua pob tshwm tuaj rau ntawm lub qhov ncauj ntawm lub qhov ncauj - aphthae, vim li cas tus me nyuam tsis pw zoo thiab yog capricious. Cov me nyuam pib tsis kam noj vim qhov mob hauv lub qhov ncauj, yog li ntawd lawv yuav tsum tau muab cov zaub mov los yog kua ua kua. Khoom noj khoom haus yuav tsum tsis txhob kub. Cov tshuaj uas pab tiv thaiv tus mob herpetic stomatitis yog antiviral ointments uas yog lub nruab nrog aphthae thiab mucous nyob ntawm lawv, qhov txhais tau tias txhawb lub cev tsis muaj zog (piv txwv, Imudon, Solvay Pharma, qhov tseeb - sib tov sib xyaw cov kab mob microbial thiab cov tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv uas tiv thaiv lub qhov ncauj thiab pharynx).
Txoj hlab nqos yog ib txoj "corridor" uas los ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus, vim yog lub plhaw cov lus sib dhos ntawm phab ntsa, nqes mus rau hauv plab, dhau ntawm txoj hlab ntsws. Ntawm lub vev xaib no, cov zaub mov kis tau los ntawm cov sphincters, "dampers", uas tiv thaiv nws ntawm kev mus rau qhov rov qab mus. Thaum kawg ntawm txoj hlab ntws yog lub plawv plawv (cardia), nws "kaw" lub qhov hluav taws xob loj, yog li cov zaub mov tsis rov qab los ntawm plab mus rau hauv txoj hlab pas. Nyob hauv cov me nyuam hauv thawj lub hlis ntawm lub neej, daim cardia tsis raug kaw tag nrho, thiab txij li thaum lub gatekeeper (tus sphincter ua haujlwm zoo tib yam, tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub plab), ntawm qhov tawm tsam, yog kev tswj xyuas, qhov kev ua rov tshwm sim.
Kev hloov tshiab
Yog hais tias tus me nyuam mos tsis xis los (mis nyuj tsuas tawm hauv lub qhov ncauj, nws tsis ntuav, thiab nws hnyav zoo), koj yuav tsum tsis txhob txhawj. Qhov zoo tshwm sim rau feem ntau ntawm cov me nyuam mos yuav yog los ntawm 2 mus rau 5 lub sijhawm ib hnub twg tsis ntev tshaj 1-2 feeb. Qee lub sij hawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov rov qab tuaj yeem pom ib qho dej ntawm cov ntshav, thiab yog hais tias tus niam hluas tau tawg ntawm lub txiv mis (nws tshwm sim, tus poj niam tsis pom kev), koj yuav tsum tsis txhawj. Cov menyuam yaus kuj qee zaum qis qis dua zaub mov. Thiab yog vim li cas feem ntau yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus mos ab cov zaub mov, thiab tsis muaj teeb meem nrog txoj hlab pas lossis plab. Piv txwv li, qhov tsis zoo yog qhov ua rau cov dej qab zib tsawg, yog li cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 4 xyoo tsis tsim nyog haus. Ncaj ceev, tab sis qee zaum lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev mob plab (qhov ncauj tawm ntawm qhov qis ntawm txoj hlab pas) lossis kab mob gastroesophageal reflux (qhov no yog ib qho kev so ntawm lub plawv mob, vim tias cov kua qaub ntawm lub plab yog nyob rau hauv txoj hlab pas, ua rau mob ntawm nws cov mucosa-esophagitis). Lub plab yog qhov chaw sib sau ua ke. Nyob ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus menyuam lub plab muaj ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov zaub mov. Hauv tus me nyuam muaj 1 hli, nws ntim yog 100 ml, ntawm tus me nyuam ib xyoos nws yog 250-300 ml. Tshaj tawm, lub plab yog zoo li ib lub hnab nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov gruel (chyme) muab thiab ua tiav nrog hydrochloric acid thiab enzymes.
Nyob rau hauv nws qis feem, lub plab yog txuas nrog lub hnyuv nrog kev pab ntawm ib lub rooj vag - lub "qhov rooj", uas qhib tsuas yog ib txoj kev. Kev sib xyaw ntawm kev lag luam ntawm lub dampers yog qhia los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias cov me nyuam tiv thaiv nrog cov ntim ntawm cov khoom noj sib npaug li 1/5-1 / 6 ntawm lawv lub cev hnyav (rau tus neeg laus no yuav yog 10-15 kg ib hnub!). Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog qhov yooj yim dua kom kua zaub mov. Descent ntawm lub chyme ntawm lub plab rau hauv txoj hnyuv tshwm sim tsis tu ncua thiab partwise. Lawv tshwm sim yog tias cov khoom noj khoom haus tsis yooj yim (uas tshwm sim nrog ib tus neeg tsis sib haum xeeb) los sis thaum nws, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nws qhib dav heev - ces tus chyme yuav muab rov qab rau hauv plab. Qhov no tshwm sim vim qhov tseeb tias cov leeg xauv ntawm lub pylorus yog relaxed - qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev ntxhov siab lossis mob gastritis. Gastritis thiab peptic ulcer hauv cov me nyuam mos muaj tsawg. Cov teeb meem no yog qhov tshwj xeeb rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 6-7, vim hais tias nyob rau lub hnub nyoog no lawv siv sij hawm ntau dua sab nraud hauv tsev, noj tsawg dua thiab tsawg dua cov khoom noj hauv tsev, uas qhov kev noj haus thiab kev coj noj coj ua yuam cai.
Cov pob txha thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab
Lawv yog cov tsim nyog rau kev ua thiab kev faib khoom noj thiab tuaj ntawm daim siab thiab txiav. Ntawv xov xwm rau cov me nyuam yug tshiab me me, yog li lawv lub cev tseem tawm tsam nrog txoj kev tua rog. Nrog lub hnub nyoog, cov kua qaub ntawm cov kua qaub nyob hauv cov menyuam tuaj yeem nce, thiab qhov teeb meem zoo dua tuaj. Lub peev xwm los tsim cov kua nplaum los ntawm lub txiav thaum lub sijhawm yug ntawm tus menyuam tseem tsis tau tsim. Nyob rau hauv nws cov kua txiv, cov me nyuam ntawm thawj 3 lub hlis tsis muaj txaus tshuaj muab kev koom tes hauv kev zom cov hmoov nplej siab, protein ntau thiab roj (amylase, trypsin thiab lipase). Tsuas yog tom qab cov khoom tshiab maj mam tshwm nyob rau hauv kev noj haus ntawm cov menyuam yaus, kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsim nyog rau kev zom rau hauv cov txiav tau kho thiab ncav lub qhov tseem ceeb rau cov laus. Nws yog vim yog lub peculiarities ntawm daim siab thiab cov kaus hniav ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas cov kws txawj ntseeg tias cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 7 xyoo tsis tuaj yeem noj mov ntawm tus neeg laus lub rooj. Tom qab qhov ua txhaum ntawm kev tiv thaiv kabmob ntawm txoj kabmob hauv lub cev (ua rau lub cev tsis paub meej) thiab qhov ua txhaum ntawm lub siab ntawm lub siab thiab kev txiavtxim, thaum lawv tsis tuaj yeem nrog cov zaubmov noj (reactive pancreatitis) yog cov menyuam yaus ntawm thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej los ua zaub mov tsis haum rau lawv lub cev.
Lus tawm los ntawm cov hnyuv
Cov hnyuv me muaj 3 yam: duodenum, lean thiab txoj hlua. Thawj seem tau txais kua mis thiab pancreatic kua txiv, los ntawm kev hloov cov proteins, cov rog thiab carbohydrates. Nyob rau hauv jejunum thiab nrogum, tus chyme lov rau hauv cov as-ham. Sab hauv cov phab ntsa ntawm cov hnyuv me me muaj me me, nrog rau cov amino acids, qab zib, cov vitamins rau hauv cov ntshav. Vim hais tias muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm tus qauv ntawm villi - ib ntus (vim mob plab hnyuv) thiab, tsawg zaus, tas mus li, - qhov tsis haum ntawm cov as-ham uas tsis muaj teebmeem thiab tus mob hauv plab yuav pib.
Cov hnyuv loj nyob ib puag ncig cov kab noj plab tag nrho. Nyob rau hauv no feem ntawm intestine, dej thiab ib feem me me ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av salts yog absorbed. Los ntawm txoj kev, tib qhov chaw no yog hu ua lub cheeb tsam ntawm cov kab mob zoo, uas tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau cov tsos ntawm cov roj ntau heev (flatulence). Nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv loj, cov khoom noj seem (quav) yuav siv daim ntawv thiab los ntawm lub qhov quav thiab lub plab hnyuv loj (anus) tawm mus. Kev txhawb nqa ntawm chyme nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam no, cov nqaij ua sib txawv rau cov sphincters ntau, thiab nws qhib sab nrauv yog vim qhib thiab kaw ntawm qhov quav. Kev cuam tshuam rau kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm qhov chaw tua kab, ua rau, piv txwv li, los ntawm cov kab mob hauv plab hnyuv, yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ncua los yog muaj zog ntau zaus ntawm cov quav. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, txoj hnyuv ua haujlwm zoo, yog li ntawm thawj 2 lub lim tiam ntawm lub neej lawv mus "loj" 4-6 zaug ib hnub twg. Cov menyuam yaus uas noj cov khoom neeg tsim tau cov khoom sib xyaw no tsawg dua cov me nyuam mos. Tom qab 1 xyoos, qhov "nquag" nquag yog 1-2 zaug ib hnub twg. Thaum lub sijhawm yug ntawm tus menyuam, nws txoj hnyuv muaj zog, tab sis txij thawj hnub nws pib mus rau qhov chaw uas muaj microbes. Nyob rau hauv cov menyuam mos noj qab nyob zoo thaum yug lub sijhawm thiab pub mis rau menyuam noj, lub plab hnyuv loj tau nce mus txog theem nrab ntawm lub lim tiam thib ob ntawm lub neej.
Kab mob plab yog ib qho mob tshwm sim rau txhua tus me nyuam mos uas nws lub plab zom yog "ripening" xwb. Mob hauv plab ntawm cov me nyuam mos tau tshwm sim vim qhov tseeb hauv cov hnyuv tuaj yeem txuam nrog ntau cov roj cua (flatulence). Txawm hais tias qhov ua rau cov plab hnyuv siab tswm sim, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tau nrog ib tus kws kho mob uas yuav tshem tawm cov kab mob phais, xws li appendicitis; Ntxiv rau qhov no, tsuas yog ib tus kws kho menyuam yaus tuaj yeem sau ntawv kho tus menyuam xwb. Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau qhov teeb meem, tus me nyuam, ntxiv rau kev txwv cov zaub mov (yog hais tias nws yog mos ab, ceev faj txog cov zaub mov dub, qos yaj ywm, taum, mis nyuj, sau qoob los, kov cov niam), muab cov tshuaj ntsuab los yog npaj tshwj xeeb (xws li Espumizan, Berlin-Chemie, Unienzim, Unichem Lab.)
Zawv plab
Cov mob hauv lub hlwb feem ntau ua rau mob, tab sis tsis tas li. Litters feem ntau muaj lactase deficiency, nws tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias cov txiav thiab plab hnyuv quav, uas yog lub luag hauj lwm rau cov lactase, tsis muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntawm tag nrho lub zog. Yog tsis muaj lactase enzyme, lactose tsis zoo. Vim li ntawd, lactase nyob rau hauv qhov muaj txiaj ntsim, ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob microbial, alien rau cov hnyuv ntawm tus me nyuam, thiab dysbacteriosis tshwm sim. Cov tsos mob ntawm lactase deficiency thiab dysbiosis zoo sib xws: tus me nyuam quaj tom qab noj mov, nws txhawj xeeb txog tsam plab, ua kua foamy (nrog los yog cem quav). Kab mob kis los yog mob hauv plab yog hu ua kab mob ntawm "dirty hands". Cov kab mob qog uas ua rau lawv muaj ntau yam, tab sis nws tsis muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab li cas tus me nyuam tau ntsib (dysentery los yog shigellosis, salmonellosis, roto- thiab caliciviral tus kab mob, thiab lwm yam). Cov kab mob hauv plab hnyuv, yog ib lub tswv yim zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev siv tshuaj - yog lub tswv yim ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau muab me nyuam me rau mob plab (cov kws kho mob yuav hu ua txoj kev kho lub cev no) kom tsis txhob muaj lub cev qhuav dej. Rau qhov no siv cov kev daws los ntawm cov ntsev - npaj (Hydrovit, STADA, Regidron, Orion, thiab lwm tus) thiab ua hauv tsev. Tshuaj tua kab mob hnub no cov kws kho mob xaiv cov me nyuam tsuas yog muaj mob hnyav xwb. Ntxiv rau, lawv tau hais kom noj cov zaub mov nruj rau tus me nyuam, yog tias tsim nyog, cov tshuaj yeeb nkab, cov tshuaj uas txhim kho cov plab hnyuv muaj peev xwm los cog lus (piv txwv, Uzara, STADA), entero-sorbents yog cov khoom uas nkag rau hauv cov hnyuv thiab nqus cov co toxins thiab microbes (Smecta, Beauf peb cov Ipsen), probiotics yog cov kabmob zoo, feem ntau yog bifido- thiab lactobacilli (Probifor, Partner, Bifiform, Ferrosan, Bifidumbacterin-forte, Enterol, Biocodex), Prebiotics uas pab kev loj hlob ntawm cov pob nyem zoo (Hilak forte, Ratiopharm), thiab txawm siv yeeb tshuaj , txhawb kev tiv thaiv (Kipferon, A ppharm, Bifilysis, Enzyme). Kev mob raws plab feem ntau yog txuam nrog kev ua yuam kev ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus: kev ua kom tsis qab qab zib tsawg (lactase deficiency), kev ua xua (cereac disease). Txawm hais tias qee lub sij hawm nws yog ib qho kev pom zoo rau cov nyuj protein ntau los yog cov kab mob plab hnyuv (kab mob ulcerative, Crohn's disease). Nyob rau txhua qhov teeb meem, tus menyuam yuav tsum tau muaj kev ntsuam xyuas uas yuav txiav txim seb tus menyuam puas muaj kab mob hauv plab hnyuv, cov kab mob, cov kab mob hauv plab hnyuv.
Teeb meem
Nws feem ntau tshwm sim tom qab mob plab hnyuv, los yog kev kho mob nrog tshuaj tua kab mob (rau lwm cov kab mob), txoj kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus menyuam tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo, uas yog feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm cov quav. Rau cem quav los ntawm kev so ntawm txoj hnyuv, zaub mov muaj kua zaub (beets, prunes, wholemeal bread). Cov menyuam yaus raug cob qhia kom txav tau ntau, thiab nrog kev pab ntawm ib tus kws kho mob lub plab tshwj xeeb pab kom lawv rov qab ua kom tiav ntawm qhov tso tawm ntawm txoj hnyuv. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws kho mob yuav tuaj tos tus me nyuam noj tshuaj. Muaj cov me nyuam mos uas yuav tsum tau siv tshuaj pleev xim rau cov tawv nqaij (carcinative) (carcinative) tshuaj feem ntau ntawm cov nroj tsuag tuaj (Microlax, Johnson & Johnson, Plantex, Lek, cov hauv paus ntawm cov thaw). Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj cem quav, uas nyob hauv cov hnyuv thau tawm, cov tshuaj uas nqig lub cev (valerian) pab. Enema cov menyuam ua yog tias qhov raug yuam tos ntau tshaj 3 hnub. Tam sim no peb paub li cas lub plab hnyuv siab raum ua haujlwm hauv cov menyuam yaus, mob ntshav qab haus huv thiab kev ua haujlwm.