Tsis ntev tas los, qhov feem pua ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm tau siv cov chaw siv los ntawm hypermarket hauv daim ntawv ua khoom noj thiab khov khoom noj. Thiab nws tsis yog los ntawm kev sib tsoo - rov qab los tsev tom qab lub sijhawm ntev thiab ntev, ntau tus poj niam ua haujlwm zoo siab nrog lub tswv yim uas koj tseem xav noj hmo rau tag nrho tsev neeg. Tau kawg, nyob rau hauv no regard, khov instant khoom noj khoom haus yog cia li ib tug nrhiav, ib tug tsi ntawm "wand-cawm wand". Tab sis ob peb ntawm cov niam tsev xav txog cov khoom noj khov thiab cov tais diav, nrog rau seb lawv noj puas tau tag nrho, tshwj xeeb yog me nyuam yaus.
Ntau cov kev tshawb fawb thiab kev xav txog qhov kev xav tau muaj kev totaub yuam kev tag nrho, uas yog peb nrog koj. Ib txhia hais tias cov khoom noj khov uas yog khov kho yog qhov koob hmoov ntawm kev vam meej, vim nws yog ib qho yooj yim thiab ua tau zoo, noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb rau kev noj qab haus huv. Lwm tus neeg tiv thaiv txoj kev xav tias tsis muaj dab tsi noj qab nyob zoo hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus khov thiab tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, vim thaum lub sij hawm kho cua sov tag nrho cov khoom siv tau ploj hauv lawv, thiab tsim kev puas tsuaj. Piv txwv, yog hais tias qhov khoom yog defrosted ntau zaus thiab ces khov dua, nws tsis tau noj tom qab. Txhua tus ntawm cov kev xav no muaj cai rau lub neej. Tab sis qhov tseeb yog qhov twg? Cia peb sim paub nws.
Raws li cov kws txawj
Cia kom khov yog ib qho ntawm kev noj qab haus huv tshaj plaws ntawm kev khaws cov khoom noj. Qhov no cia koj txuag cov feem ntau ntawm cov as-ham, hauv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kev txuag siv kev siv tshuaj phem xws li ntsev, piam thaj lossis vinegar. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub saj thiab kev ntxhib los mos ntawm cov khoom noj khov hauv nws cov haujlwm yog tsawg dua piv rau cov tshiab, uas tsis siv rau cov zaub mov hauv kaus poom.
Niaj hnub no, khov khoom noj khoom haus khov thiab cov khoom noj khov khov kho tau zoo dua thiab muaj kev vam meej rau cov nyiaj khwv tau los, vim tias lawv txuag lub sijhawm thiab nyiaj txiag. Tab sis tsis muaj ib yam khoom uas yuav raug cawm mus ib txhis nrog kev pab ntawm khov. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau soj ntsuam peb cov cai yooj yim rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab cov zaub mov noj qab nyob zoo:
- Yuav tsum tau cia kom khov, ua kom zoo dua thiab cov khoom yuav zoo. Vim hais tias tom qab defrosting koj tuaj yeem tsis ntxuav lawv lawm los yog ntxuav lawv. Yog hais tias qhov khoom yog stale txij thaum pib, nws yuav tsis ntxiv rau freshness ntawm Frost. Xws li ib yam khoom noj tsis tau noj.
- Nyob hauv txoj kev khov nab kuab, qhov kev kub ceev uas tag nrho cov khoom yog txias rau-18 ° C los sis txawm tias yuav kub dua yog qhov tseem ceeb. Nyob rau ntawm cov cua txias, kev tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev tsim cov kab mob hauv lub cev, thiab cov khoom tseem nyob tshiab, raws li lawv tau nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm khov. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws - ceev kom khov, thaum cov khoom coj mus rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus kub hauv ob peb feeb. Niaj hnub no cov khib nyiab pub no ua kom tsis muaj teebmeem thiab tsis muaj kev noj haus zoo thiab cov vitamins.
- Yog tias peb txiav txim siab khoob tej khoom noj rau peb tus kheej, nws zoo li npaj kom npaj, los yog sib cav "blanching," uas pab tswj kom muaj cov khoom zoo. Lawv tau muab ntxuav ua ntej, muab txiav thiab muab tso rau hauv cov dej qab ntsev, nws yog siav rau 3-4 feeb (tom qab dej kub dua). Yog li, qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov enzymes nres, uas tau tom qab worsen lub saj thiab aroma ntawm cov khoom. Tom qab tshem tawm ntawm dej, nws yuav tsum tau txias, ntim kom sai sai nrog dej txias los yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub thawv ntim raus dej hauv dej khov. Tsuas yog thaum twg cov khoom ua kom txias, nws tuaj yeem muab ntim thiab khov.
Kev paub hais tias cov zaub mov uas tsis tshua muaj kev kub ntxhov tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev noj zaub mov muaj nqis tshaj cov uas tau los ntawm kev ziab los yog cov kaus poom. Tab sis cov zaub mov khov thiab cov khoom noj khoom haus yuav ua tau rau cov neeg muaj mob tiag tiag yog tias qee qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau lawv npaj thiab cia tsis tau.
Txoj kev ntawm cov khoom noj kom khov
Nws muaj peb lub ntsiab txoj kev niaj hnub khov khoom: ceev khov, nruab nrab thiab qeeb. Cov khoom noj uas khov sai yog cov uas tau ua raws li txheej txheem hu ua "quick freezing". Raws li nws, cov cheeb tsam ntawm ntau qhov crystallization kis tau sai li sai tau nyob ntawm seb hom zaub mov, qhov ntsuas kub tau nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm thermal stabilization nyob rau txhua qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom noj tsis tshaj -18 ° C thiab tseem nyob tas mus li. Nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias cov khoom noj khoom haus sai-khov khoom noj khoom siv tsuas yog cov khoom siv raw cov khoom ua tau zoo dua qub. Kev npaj rau qhov ceev khov ntawm cov khoom noj khoom noj yog nqa tawm sai npaum li sai tau siv cov kev tsim nyog thiab cov hau kev. Lawv tsim los txo qee yam tshuaj chemical, biochemical thiab microbiological hloov ntawm cov khoom noj.
Cia kom khov "poob siab" los yog lub npe hu ua "blastfreezing" yog nyob rau hauv cov khov nab kuab uas muaj cov kab hluav taws xob uas tsim muaj. Qhov no ntawm khov yog tsim rau ntses thiab ntses cov khoom, nqaij, nqaij qaib thiab zaub. Nws hloov tawm tias khov yog ib qho ntawm cov qauv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov khoom noj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub. Thiab sai dua lub Frost, qhov tsawg zog cov feem rau cov khoom.
Nyeem cov ntawv ntawm cov khoom noj khov
Qhov no tseem ceeb heev kom paub cov lus sau ntawm cov khoom noj khov thiab cov calorie ntau ntau hauv lawv. Nutritionists tau raug xaiv xaiv cov khoom noj uas muaj vitamin A thiab C, proteins, iron, calcium thiab fiber. Feem ntau, ib feem ntawm cov khoom noj khov qav ceev yog tsim los ntawm txoj kev uas yuav hloov tshiab cov khoom noj kom ntau li ntau tau. Tus naj npawb ntawm cov calorie ntau ntau yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 300-350 (piv txwv li 12-14 g roj roj tag nrho, 4.5 g kub ntsev, 600 mg los yog tsawg dua ntsev, 0 g Transgenic rog, 15 g protein thiab li 3 grams cellulose). Hauv qee lub caij, tab sis, ntau dua cov calorie ntau ntau, ib qho khoom noj khov yuav tsis txaus rau pluas su los noj hmo. Yog vim li cas thiaj li muaj ntau tus neeg noj qab haus huv pom zoo cov khoom noj khov rau cov khoom qab zib, zaub zaub lossis txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Yog li, muaj kev noj qab haus huv kom ntau ntxiv, uas yuav pab kom saturate lub cev tsis muaj calorie ntxiv, yuav muab.
Chilled los yog khoom noj khov dua - nws zoo dua?
Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov cua txias (thiab khov) yog cov txheej txheem kev qaug tshuaj hauv cov khoom noj uas muaj cuam tshuam los ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov roj ntsha. Kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob yog tshem tawm ntawm qhov kub li ntawm -5 rau - 8 ° C, thiab kev tsim cov kab mob - ntawm -11 ° C. Txuas ntxiv, tsis muaj qhov kub kom txo tau cov kev ua ntawm cov roj ntsha hauv lub cev, tab sis tsis txhob cia lawv cov khoom. Kev txias tsuas tuaj yeem ncua cov txheej txheem ntawm kev luam, tiam sis tsis tiv thaiv nws. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias cov khoom noj khoom haus muaj tus nqi zoo tshaj qhov qub, vim tias cov tshuaj muaj nyob rau hauv lawv li ob rau peb hnub ntawm hnub tim ua khoom lag luam. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev uas khov, qhov kub no feem ntau yog -18 ° C thiab qis dua, thaum twg cov kab mob tuaj yeem tsis tuaj yeem tuaj, thiab yog li ntawd, lub sij hawm cia ntev dua.
Nco ntsoov xaiv cov zaub mov zoo rau cov khoom noj!
Khoom noj khoom haus yog tsim los tiv thaiv lawv ntawm kev kis kab mob thiab cov kab mob phem. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua tsaug rau ib tug tshwj xeeb ntim tshuab, poob ntawm pab tau thaj chaw ntawm cov khoom yog significantly txo. Yog xav tau kom khov, tshwj xeeb ntim yog tsim nyog. Yog hais tias lub pob puas lawm, cov kua qaub ntawm cov huab cua tsis muaj ciaj ciam, thaum cov zaub mov tsis muaj dej txaus, feem ntau ntawm cov roj ntsha pom tshwm hauv nws, thiab cov khoom siv tau ploj lawm. Cov txheej txheem uas ua rau muaj kev hloov hauv kev saj thiab tsim teeb meem ntawm cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov neeg pluag tsis zoo. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tias lub hnab yog insulated los ntawm huab cua, uas pab khaws cia cov vitamins thiab minerals nyob rau hauv cov khoom. Rau lub hom phiaj no, nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag zoo, cov twj siv tshwj xeeb yog siv yooj yim tso cua tawm ntawm lub pob, tsim kom muaj lub tshuab nqus tsev.
Nws yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub hlwb hais tias cov zaub mov nrog lub ntim khoom tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob rau cov neeg siv khoom noj. Lawv noj tau ua rau pob ua xyaw, ua xua, raws plab lossis cem quav. Nws yuav tsum tsis txhob nco qab tias ib zaug thawed khoom tsis tuaj yeem mus rau secondary khov, txij thaum lawv tau txij li thaum ua unfit rau noj.
Muaj tsis muaj kev ntseeg tias khov khoom noj khoom haus sai sai tseg rau peb lub sij hawm thiab nyob rau ntawm txhais tes ntawm ib lub koom ua lag luam muaj peev xwm tig mus rau hauv ib qho zoo zaub mov - tseem ceeb thiab six. Tab sis, ntawm qhov tod tes, ib tug yuav tsis nco ntsoov ntawm qhov zoo thiab keeb kwm ntawm cov khoom. Yog li, stewed zaub nrog ib tug zoo-fried nqaij qaib nyob rau tom tsev yuav yeej yuav zoo dua tshaj khov kom muaj sib npaug.