Cov me nyuam mos tsis yeem raug tus kab mob khaub thuas, vim qhov no yog vim muaj kev tiv thaiv, uas lawv tau txais los ntawm leej niam. Yog tias leej niam tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, ces qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm qhov kev cog lus ntawm tus kab mob hauv cov me nyuam mos muaj zog dua. Txoj kev tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas tsis tuaj yeem coj tsis taus. Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov menyuam yaus yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev tiv thaiv tus kab mob no. Txog hnub tim, cov tshuaj txhaj tiv thaiv tau raug siv rau lub hom phiaj no.
Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas
Vaksgripp - split tshuaj (purified inactivated) uas ua los ntawm Fabkis lub tuam txhab Pasteur Merri Connaught. Ib koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob muaj tsawg kawg ntawm kaum tsib micrograms ntawm hemagglutinin H3N2 influenza A virus, 15 μg (tsis tsawg tshaj) H1N1-influenza Ib hom hemagglutinin, 15 μg (tsis tsawg) hemagglutinin ntawm hom kab mob khaub thuas influenza B. Ntxiv nrog, koob tshuaj txhaj muaj nyob hauv ib lub me nyiaj ntawm formaldehyde, monthiolate, traces ntawm neomycin thiab tsis kho.
Grippol yog tshuaj polymer-subunit txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv (manufactured los ntawm Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Immunology, Russia, Moscow, Russia), uas muaj cov kab mob npaws A (H3N2 thiab H1N1) thiab influenza B, thiab tseem muaj cov tshuaj tua kabmob nrog polyoxidonium immunostimulant. Tag nrho cov no nrog ib tug tsawg feem ntau muaj cov antigens significantly nce lub immunogenicity ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Fluarix yog ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua kom tsis muaj zog, uas tau tsim hauv Belgium (Smith Klein Beecham). Nws muaj kaum tsib micrograms ntawm haemagglutinin txhua yam kab mob ntawm tus kab mob khaub thuas, phais, phosphate, tsis pom kev ntawm formaldehyde thiab monthiolate (txhua hom yog pom zoo los ntawm WHO).
INFLUVAC , txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob npaws uas tau ua nyob rau hauv Netherlands (Solvay Pharma), muaj cov dej ntshiab ntawm cov kab mob neuraminidase thiab hemagglutinin, uas tau muab los ntawm cov kab mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob khaub thuas, uas muaj los ntawm WHO, los ntawm kev xav txog qhov tsis txaus ntshai ntawm tus kab mob.
Cov kev qhia rau kev siv
Yog tias ua tau, txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas yuav tsum tau txais los ntawm txhua tus menyuam hnub nyoog 6 lub hlis, tab sis txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau yog cov menyuam uas muaj teeb meem. Cov no yog cov me nyuam:
- nrog rau cov kab mob ntsws nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntev, nrog rau cov neeg mob uas muaj mob hawb pob thiab mob ntsws asthma, ntev bronchitis;
- nrog rau cov kab mob hauv lub plawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog cov kab mob tseem ceeb hauv lub cev hemodynamic;
- tau txais kev siv tshuaj tua kabmob (immunosuppressive therapy);
- nrog rau mob ntshav tsis muaj zog los yog lwm yam hemoglobinopathies;
- nrog immunopathology, nrog rau kev kis kab mob HIV;
- nrog mob metabolic thiab raum cov kab mob;
- cov neeg mob uas muaj ntshav qab zib mellitus;
- noj cov tshuaj aspirin ntev, vim tom qab mob khaub thuas muaj kev muaj feem xyuam rau txoj kev hnyav ntawm tus duab hluav taws xob.
Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov menyuam yaus yog nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv preschool, ntawm cov menyuam hauv tsev thiab hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias qhov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog ua tiav ntawm qhov yuav thiab tsuas yog kev tso cai ntawm niam txiv (qhov kev zam yog lub tsev ntawm tus menyuam).
Txheej Txheem Kev Tiv Thaiv
Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas yog ua kom tiav tsis hais lub sijhawm twg, tab sis nws zoo dua yog siv rau thaum lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj-Lub Kaum Ib Hlis Ntuj (lub caij nyoog no pib lub caij ua kab mob npaws). Hauv cov laus, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog ua ib zaug, hauv cov me nyuam nws tau txhaj ob zaug (ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj, ib hnub 30 hnub).
Cwj pwm thiab Contraindications
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob npaws uas tsis muaj sia nyob yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tib neeg uas muaj qhov mob siab rau nqaij qaib thiab qe. Kab mob kis tau yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv ib ntus. Cov neeg uas muaj kev tiv thaiv kab mob yog txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ua tsis raws cai raws li txoj cai. Txawm li cas los xij, koob tshuaj tivthaiv kabmob (Fluarix, Vaxigrip), tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob (Agrippal, Influvac) tsuas yog txhaj rau lub hnub nyoog li ntawm rau lub hlis. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv ib tug menyuam uas tsis tau muaj hnub nyoog li ntawm 6 hli, txhua tus uas nyob ib puag ncig nws raug txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv cov me nyuam uas muaj mob loj heev yog ua los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov kev npaj hauv qab no yog tsim rau: lim dej sib cais sib cais ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Influvac, Grippol, Vaxigrip, Fluarix.