Tus me nyuam qhov kub siab yog qhov kev tsis txaus siab tshaj plaws nrog rau cov niam uas tig mus rau ib tug kws kho menyuam yaus. Yog tias qhov teeb meem tshwm sim no tshwm sim, feem ntau ceeb ntshai hauv tsev neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tus me nyuam tsawg heev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog cov cai tswj kev txo kub thiab kawm kom to taub thaum muaj kev kho mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.
Thawj ob peb hnub ntawm lub neej, qhov kub ntawm tus menyuam mos lub cev muaj peev xwm me ntsis nce siab (37.0-37.4 C nyob rau hauv lub qhov tsuj). Los ntawm lub xyoo nws yog teem nyob rau hauv cov kev txwv ntawm cov cai: 36.0-37.0 degrees C (ntau zaus tshaj 36.6 degrees C).
Lub cev kub cev (kub taub hau) yog kev tiv thaiv dav dav ntawm lub cev los teb rau kab mob los yog kev puas tsuaj. Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj niaj hnub, ua npaws vim yog kab mob kis tau thiab tsis ua rau kis tsis zoo (mob ntsws mob hlwb, hlwb, hlwb puas tsuaj, hormonal kab mob, kub nyhiab, raug mob, tsis haum, thiab lwm yam).
Tus kab mob uas nquag muaj tshaj yog ua npaws. Nws tsim nyob rau hauv teb rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm pyrogens (los ntawm Greek pyros - hluav taws, pyretos - tshav kub) - cov khoom uas nce lub cev kub. Pyrogens tau muab faib ua exogenous (sab nraud) thiab endogenous (sab hauv). Cov kab mob, nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, khwb khuav thiab ua lawv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb, ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg raug tso tawm. Ib txhia ntawm lawv, uas yog sab nraud pyrogens (khoom noj los ntawm lub cev tawm sab nraud), muaj peev xwm sawv ntsig qhov kub ntawm tus neeg lub cev. Internal pyrogens yog tsim los ntawm tib neeg lub cev xwb (leukocytes - ntshav hlwb, daim siab hlwb) teb rau kev qhia txog cov neeg txawv teb chaws (kab mob, thiab lwm yam).
Nyob rau hauv lub hlwb, nrog rau cov chaw zov me nyuam ntawm salivation, pa, thiab lwm yam. yog qhov chaw ntawm thermoregulation, "tuned" mus rau qhov kub qhov ntawm lub nruab nrog cev. Thaum lub caij mob, nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm sab hauv thiab sab nraud pyrogens, thermoregulation "keyboards" rau ib tug tshiab, kub dua theem.
High temperature nyob rau hauv kis kab mob yog ib qho kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv. Tiv thaiv tom qab no, interferons, antibodies yog synthesized, lub peev xwm ntawm leukocytes mus nqus thiab ua kom puas siab puas ntsoog txawv teb chaws yog stimulated, thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm daim siab yog qhib kom ua. Hauv feem ntau tus kab mob, qhov siab tshaj plaws yog teev nyob rau ntawm 39.0-39.5 C. Vim tias qhov kub siab, cov kab mob ua rau me nyuam yaus txo lawv cov kab mob, ua rau tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kab mob.
Yuav ua li cas kom ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub?
Nws yog ntshaw tias tus me nyuam muaj nws tus pas ntsuas kub. Ua ntej yuav siv txhua zaus, tsis txhob hnov qab nws so nrog cawv los yog dej sov so nrog xab npum.
Yog xav paub seb yam twg yog qhov zoo rau koj tus me nyuam, ntsuas nws qhov kub thaum nws noj qab nyob zoo thiab nyob siab. Nws yog ib qhov kev pom zoo los ntsuas nws hauv qab qhov hnyav thiab hauv qhov quav. Ua qhov no thaum sawv ntxov, yav tav su thiab yav tsaus ntuj.
Yog tias tus menyuam muaj mob, ntsuas kub li peb zaug hauv ib hnub: sawv ntxov, yav tav su thiab yav tsaus ntuj. Txhua txhua hnub nyob rau tib lub sij hawm thoob plaws hauv tus mob, tshwj xeeb yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov me nyuam muaj teeb meem. Sau cov kev ntsuas tau. Nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw muag khoom kub kub tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem txiav txim rau tus kab mob.
Tsis txhob ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub hauv qab daim pam (yog hais tias tus me nyuam mos hnyav hnyav hnoos, nws kub tau loj tuaj). Tsis txhob ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub yog tias tus me nyuam ntshai, quaj, tshua muaj siab heev, cia nws siab nqig.
Hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub cev kuv puas ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub?
Qhov ntsuas kub tau ntsuas nyob rau hauv lub tswb qhov muag, hauv qhov quav thiab hauv qhov quav, tab sis tsis nyob hauv qhov ncauj. Kev zam yog qhov kev ntsuas ntawm qhov ntsuas kub uas siv tus pas ntsuas kub ntswj. Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov quav (ntsuas hauv qhov quav) yog kwv yees li 0.5 degree C siab tshaj ntawm qhov ncauj (ntsuas hauv qhov ncauj) thiab ib qho kev kawm siab dua ntawm qhov axillary los yog qhov tsis raug. Rau tib tus me nyuam, qhov kev hloov no tuaj yeem ua tau ntau heev. Piv txwv: qhov kub nyob hauv qhov hnyiab los yog lub cev ntim quav yog 36.6 degrees C; qhov ntsuas kub ntsuas hauv qhov ncauj yog 37.1 degrees Celsius; qhov ntsuas kub hauv qhov ntsuas yog 37.6 degrees C.
Qhov kub ntawm qhov saum toj no feem ntau tau txais txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem yog qhov khoom ntawm tus me nyuam tus kheej. Kev them nuj nqis thaum yav tsaus ntuj feem ntau siab tshaj sawv ntxov ntxov los ntawm qib kaum ob. Qhov kub no tuaj yeem sawv los ntawm kev ntxhov siab, kev siab ntsws siab, kev ua kom muaj zog.
Ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov quav yuav yooj yim rau cov me nyuam me xwb. Tsaus-rau-hli-laus-laus cov me nyuam pluag twists thiab tsis pub koj ua nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov no yuav ua tsis txaus siab rau tus me nyuam.
Yuav ntsuas ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov quav, tus ntsuas hluav taws xob zoo tshaj plaws, uas tso cai rau koj ua kom sai: qhov tshwm sim koj tau txais hauv ib feeb xwb.
Yog li, siv tus pas ntsuas kub (mercury pre-co rau ib qho cim hauv qab 36 degrees C), muab lub taub hau me ntsis rau tus menyuam Lee. Muab tus pas ntsuas kub tso rau ntawm ob sab ntiv tes (zoo li ib lub luam yeeb), thiab nyem tus me nyuam cov ntiv tes me ntsis nrog lwm tus ntiv tes.
Nyob hauv puab tais thiab hauv lub qhov tsos, qhov ntsuas kub muaj ntsuas nrog lub khob ntsuas mercury. Koj yuav tau txais qhov tshwm sim hauv 10 feeb.
Rho tawm tus pas ntsuas kub kom qis dua 36.0 degrees C. Ua kom tawv nqaij ntawm pob tw kom sov li ntub dej txias rau mercury. Los ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub nyob rau hauv puab tais, muab tus me nyuam tso rau hauv lub thoob. Yog tias koj ua ntsuas hauv koj lub hnab, muab nws tso rau hauv koj lub hauv caug los yog coj nws mus rau hauv koj txhais tes thiab taug kev nrog nws nyob hauv chav. Muab tus pas ntsuas kub xwv kom qhov ntxeev tag nrho ntawm daim tawv nqaij quav, ces nrog koj txhais tes, nias tus menyuam lub pob (ceg) rau lub cev.
Yuav tsum kub li cas?
Yog tias koj tus menyuam mob thiab nws muaj qhov ua npaws, nco ntsoov hu rau tus kws kho mob uas tau kuaj mob, qhia txog kev kho mob thiab piav qhia seb yuav ua licas.
Raws li cov lus pom zoo ntawm lub koom haum World Health Organization (WHO), cov me nyuam noj qab nyob zoo yuav tsum tsis txhob txo qhov kub, uas tsis tau mus txog 39.0-39.5 degrees C.
Qhov kev zam yog ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev pheej hmoo uas yav dhau los muaj qaug dab peg, ua rau cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog ob lub hlis (ntawm hnub nyoog no, tag nrho cov kab mob yog cov txaus ntshai rau lawv txoj kev loj hlob sai thiab cov kev mob nyhav), cov menyuam muaj kab mob hlwb, cov kab mob ntawm lub cev, , nrog cov tsiaj nyeg metabolic kab mob. Cov menyuam yaus no twb nyob ntawm qhov kub ntawm 37.1 degrees C yuav tsum muab tshuaj tua kabmob tam sim ntawd.
Ntxiv rau, yog tias tus me nyuam muaj mob hnyav txawm tias qhov ntsuas kub tsis ncav 39.0 degrees C, nws muaj chiv, mob nqaij, tawv nqaij daj, ces tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau noj sai li sai tau.
Tsis tas li ntawd, kub cev thiab ua kom lub cev tsis muaj zog thiab ua rau lub cev muaj zog (hyperthermia syndrome) (ib hom kev kub taub hau, uas ua txhaum cai ntawm txhua yam hauv lub cev thiab lub nruab nrog - kev sib ntxub, kev poob siab, kev mob ntsws thiab mob plawv). Tus mob no yuav tsum tau kho mob ceev.
Yuav ua li cas kom txo tau qhov ntsuas kub?
1. Tus menyuam yuav tsum cia txias. Txhawm rau sov tus me nyuam nrog lub siab kub nrog kev pabcuam ntawm cov pam vov, khaub ncaws sov, lub rhaub ntsia hauv chav tsev yog qhov txaus ntshai. Cov kev ntsuas no tuaj yeem ua rau lub thermal shock yog tias qhov kub nce mus rau qhov phom sij. Muab cov me nyuam mob yooj yim kom yooj yim, kom tshav kub ntau tau khiav tsis zoo thiab khov ntawm chav kub ntawm 20-21 degrees C (yog tias tsim nyog, koj tuaj yeem siv cua txias los yog cua ntxuam tsis muaj kev tso pa rau tus me nyuam).
2. Raws li qhov tsis tau kua los ntawm daim tawv nqaij yuav ua rau kub siab, tus me nyuam yuav tsum qaug dej qaug cawv. Cov me nyuam loj dua yuav tsum tau, ntau npaum li ntau tau, muab cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo sib xyaws ua ke thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Cov me nyuam mos yuav tsum tau siv ntau dua rau hauv siab los yog muab dej rau lawv. Txhawb kom haus me ntsis (los ntawm ib lub teaspoon), tab sis tsis txhob rape tus me nyuam. Yog tias tus me nyuam tsis kam noj kua mis li ob peb teev hauv ib hnub, qhia rau tus kws kho mob txog nws.
3. Kev so. Siv ua ib qho kev sib txuas ua ke nrog lwm cov kev ntsuas los txo cov kub los yog thaum tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab mob. Kev muab tshuaj tsuas yog qhia rau cov me nyuam uas tsis tau muaj qaug dab peg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tiv thaiv tsis tau tus kab mob ntxiv, los yog tsis muaj kab mob hauv hlwb.
Kom so, siv dej sov, qhov kub ntawm qhov twg yog nyob ze rau lub cev kub. Cov dej txias los yog dej cawv (ib zaug siv rau cov tshuaj tua kabmob) yuav ua rau tsis poob, tab sis nce siab rau hauv qhov kub thiab ua rau lub tsho uas qhia txog "lub siab" lub cev uas nws yuav tsum tsis txhob txo kom tsawg, tabsis ua rau kom sov tso. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov nqus pa ntawm dej cawv yog tsim kev puas tsuaj. Kev siv dej kub kuj ua rau lub cev kub thiab, xws li ntaub qhwv, tuaj yeem ua rau mob stroke.
Ua ntej pib txoj hau kev, muab peb daim ntaub tso rau hauv ib lub tais lossis dej phwj tuaj. Muab tso rau saum txaj los yog ntawm koj lub hauv caug cov roj hmab, nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm nws lub phuam, thiab rau nws - tus me nyuam. Undress tus me nyuam thiab npog nws nrog ib daim ntawv los yog ntaub qhwv plab. Nyem ib qho ntawm cov ntaub qhwv kom dej tsis txhob los ntawm nws, quav rau nws thiab muab tso rau ntawm lub hauv pliaj. Thaum qhuav ziab, nws yuav tsum ntub dua.
Nqa ob daim ntaub thiab pib maj mam so lub menyuam cov tawv nqaij tsiv ntawm qhov chaw mus rau lub plawv. Them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau tus taw, ob txhais ceg, khau npog, khau plaub hau, txhuam, hau, qis qis, caj dab, ntsej muag. Cov ntshav uas tau tsis tau rau ntawm qhov tawv nqaij uas muaj lub teeb txhuam, yuav tsum tau txias los ntawm evaporation ntawm cov dej los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub cev. Txuas mus so tus me nyuam, hloov cov ntaub qhwv thaum tsim nyog rau tsawg tshaj nees nkaum peb caug feeb (kom txo nws lub cev nws tsuas siv sij hawm ntau npaum li ntawd). Yog hais tias nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm so cov dej hauv lub basin txias, ntxiv me ntsis dej sov rau nws.
4. Koj tuaj yeem tso dej khov rau hauv cov npuas me me, thiab muab qhwv cov ntaub qhwv plab, siv rau thaj chaw uas muaj cov hlab ntsha loj: hauv qhov chaw, qhov chaw axillary.
5. Kev siv antipyretics.
Cov tshuaj xaiv rau kub cev hauv cov menyuam yaus yog PARACETAMOL thiab IBUPROFEN (cov lag luam luam tawm rau cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem hloov tau ntau yam). IBUPROPHEN raug nquahu kom tuaj yeem hais qhia rau thaum twg thaum paracetamol tiv thaiv lossis tsis siv. Ib lub sijhawm ntev tshaj thiab qhia tau hais tias kub dua tom qab daim ntawv thov IBUPROPHEN tau muab tshaj tawm tom qab PARACETAMOL.
AMIDOPYRIN, ANTIPIRIN, FENACETHINE raug tshem tawm ntawm daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob vim yog lawv cov tshuaj lom.
Acetylsalicylic acid (ASPIRIN) raug txwv rau kev siv rau hauv cov menyuam muaj hnub nyoog qis dua 15 xyoos.
Kev siv thoob plaws ntawm METAMIZOL (ANALGINA) raws li kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob yog tsis pom zoo los ntawm WHO, vim hais tias nws oppresses hematopoiesis, muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj loj (anaphylactic shock). Ntev tau ntev tsis nco txog kev txo qis rau 35.0-34.5 degrees C. Metamizol (Analgina) kev tswj xyuas tau tsuas yog thaum muaj kev tsis zoo rau cov tshuaj los yog, yog tias tsim nyog, txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, uas tsuas yog ua los ntawm tus kws kho mob.
Thaum xaiv hom tshuaj (kua tshuaj, kua tshuaj, kua tshuaj, kua tshuaj, tswmciab), nws yuav tsum tau muab coj los xyuas tias qhov kev npaj los ntawm kev daws los sis kua qab ua tom qab 20-30 feeb, nyob rau hauv tswm ciab - tom qab 30-45 feeb, tiam sis qhov tshwm sim ntev dua. Cov tswm ciab muaj peev xwm siv tau nyob rau hauv ib qho teeb meem uas tus me nyuam tau ntuav thaum noj kua los yog tsis kam haus tshuaj. Cov tswm ciab yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws tom qab siv tshuaj tiv thaiv tus me nyuam, lawv tau ua nyob rau yav hmo ntuj.
Rau cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm qab zib syrups los yog chewable ntsiav tshuaj, fab tsis haum vim yog flavorings thiab lwm yam additives. Cov khoom ntiag tug ntawm lawv tus kheej kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev fab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, yog li nrog rau thawj cov tswv yim koj yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws.
Yog tias koj muab tshuaj rau tus me nyuam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas muaj feem xyuam rau qhov hnoos qis thaum muaj hnub nyoog, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo soj ntsuam cov lus qhia kom tsis pub dhau lub koob tshuaj. Nws yuav tsum tau nco txog tias tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem hloov qhov tshuaj rau koj tus menyuam.
Yog tias koj siv cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv ntawm tib cov tshuaj (tswmciab, phuam, kua ntsev), koj yuav tsum sib sau tag nrho cov tshuaj uas tau txais los ntawm tus menyuam kom tsis txhob noj ntau dhau. Siv dua cov tshuaj siv tsis tau ntev tshaj li 4-5 teev tom qab thawj zaug txais thiab tsuas yog thaum sov nce siab mus rau cov nqi siab.
Kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev fibfauj yog tus neeg thiab nyob ntawm tus me nyuam.
Yuav ua li cas yog tias tus me nyuam ua npaws
- Tsis txhob ua rau tus me nyuam dag. Tus menyuam muaj mob tiag tiag nws tus kheej yuav nyob hauv nws lub txaj menyuam. Yog tias koj tus me nyuam xav tawm ntawm nws, koj tuaj yeem tso cai rau nws ua tej yam nyob ntsiag to. Sim kom txhob muaj ntau yam kev ua si: qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov ntxiv.
- Tsis txhob muab tus me nyuam tso rau hauv ib lub kaus poom tshwj tsis yog tias tus kws kho mob hais kom nws.
- Tsis txhob coj los npog koj tus menyuam kom sov siab.
- Tsis txhob npog tus me nyuam mos nrog ntub phuam ntub los yog ib daim ntawv ntub: qhov no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kom txhob sov tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
Thaum twg thiaj li tsim nyog hu rau tus kws kho mob dua rau tus menyuam mos?
- Ntsuas, qhov ntsuas kub nyob hauv qhov hnyav yog 39.0-39.5 degrees C, qhov ntsuas ntawm qhov quav tau tshaj 40.0 degree Celsius.
- Tus me nyuam muaj kev sib ceg thawj zaug (lub cev yog tawv, qhov muag yob, ceg tawv twitch).
- Tus me nyuam tsis tuaj yeem quaj, quaj qw los ntawm kev mob thaum kov lossis tsiv, moans, tsis hnov mob rau sab nraud, los yog nws lub cev softens.
- Tus me nyuam muaj pob liab liab ntawm nws daim tawv nqaij.
- Tus menyuam tseem ua tsis taus pa txawm tias tom qab koj tau tso nws lub qhov ntswg.
- Lub caj dab ntawm tus me nyuam zoo li khaus, thiab nws tsis pub nws khoov nws lub puab tsaig rau nws lub hauv siab.
- Cov cua sov pib tom qab nyob hauv ib qho chaw kub sab nrauv: piv txwv li, hnub ci hnub kub los yog hauv tsheb hauv huab cua kub. Qhov ua kom kub hnyiab, uas yuav tsum tau kho sai sai.
- Sudden rise in temperature tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam nrog me ntsis nce kub, tab sis heev hnav khaub ncaws hnav los yog qhwv hauv pam. Nws yuav tsum tau kho kom zoo ib yam li cov cua daj cua dub.
- Tus kws kho mob tau hais rau koj kom sai li sai tau yog tias tus me nyuam pib ua npaws.
- Nws zoo nkaus li rau koj tias tus me nyuam muaj ib yam dab tsi loj heev, txawm tias koj nyob ntawm qhov poob vim hais tias vim li cas lawv txiav txim siab li ntawd.
- Tus menyuam tau ua rau mob tsis zoo (kab mob hauv lub plawv, kab mob hauv lub raum, kab mob hlwb, lwm yam).
- Tus me nyuam dehydrated, raws li pom ntawm cov paib xws li: tsis tshua muaj zis, ib qho xim daj uas muaj zis, muaj qaub ncaug, kua muag, muag qis.
- Tus cwj pwm ntawm tus me nyuam zoo li lub atypical: nws yog tsis zoo li kev ntxub, tsis zoo los yog tsaug zog overy, tsis tsaug zog, yog sensitive mus rau lub teeb, quaj ntau tshaj li qub, tsis kam noj, nkaum nws tus kheej los ntawm lub pob ntseg.
- Tus me nyuam muaj kub tsis txaus rau ob peb hnub, thiab tom qab ntawd nws mam li sawv ntsug, los yog me nyuam mob khaub thuas, uas tau tshwm sim ob peb hnub dhau los, nws tau kub ib ce. Qhov cua sov no yuav qhia tau tus kab mob siab thib ob, piv txwv li, mob caj dab ya los yog mob qa.
- Tus npaws tsis txo kev noj tshuaj.
- Qhov kub ntawm 37.0-38.0 degrees C mob ntev ntev (ntau tshaj ib lub lim tiam).
- Qhov kub taub hau ntev tshaj li ib hnub tsis muaj lwm yam kev mob.
Hauv tag nrho cov no, koj yuav tsum hu rau koj tus kws kho mob txawm tias nyob nruab nrab ntawm qhov tsaus ntuj los yog mus rau chav xwm txheej ceev.