Li no nws yog tseeb tias ntau npaum li cas los yog tsis muaj kev sib deev hormones cuam tshuam qhov kev ua ntawm kev ua ntawm glandular epithelium ntawm mammary qog thiab yuav ua rau pathological kev nyob rau hauv lawv.
Mastopathy yog ib hom kab mob uas tshwm sim feem ntau ntawm cov poj niam: nws qhov mob yog 30-45%, thiab cov poj niam uas muaj tus kab mob gynecological - 50-60%. Feem ntau cov poj niam muaj hnub nyoog 40-50 xyoos, cov xwm txheej ntawm mastopathy txo, tab sis feem ntau ntawm cov mob cancer ntawm lub mis nce.
Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm mastopathy.
- Diffuse fibrocystic mastopathy:
- Nrog lub predominance ntawm glandular tivthaiv;
- Nrog lub predominance ntawm fibrous tivthaiv;
- Nrog predominance ntawm lub cystic tivthaiv;
- Mixed daim ntawv.
- Nodal fibrocystic mastopathy.
Fibrous-cystic mastopathy nrog ib tug predominance ntawm glandular tivthaiv yog clinically manifested los ntawm mob nyhav, engorgement, diffuse densification ntawm tag nrho caj pas los yog nws lub tsev kawm ntawv. Cov tsos mob kheev hauv lub sij hawm ua ntej. Daim ntawv ntawm mastopathy feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntxhais hluas thaum kawg ntawm qhov tiav nkauj tiav nraug.
Fibrous-cystic mastopathy nrog predominance ntawm fibrosis. Daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob no yog hloov los ntawm cov kev hloov hauv cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev ntawm lub mis. Nrog palpation, mob siab, ntom, arched cheeb tsam yog qhia. Cov kev xyum zoo li no nyob hauv cov poj niam premenopausal.
Fibrous-cystic mastopathy nrog predominance ntawm cystic tivthaiv. Nrog rau daim ntawv no, ntau cov cystic formations ntawm kev tuav ywj siab yog tsim, zoo-bounded los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Tus cwj pwm muaj tus yam ntxwv yog qhov mob, uas ua kom khaus ua ntej kev hnyav. Daim ntawv no ntawm mastopathy tshwm sim rau cov poj niam hauv lub cev tsis nto.
Calcification ntawm hlwv thiab qhov muaj ntshav hauv cov txheej txheem nyob hauv lawv yog ib qho kev qhia ntawm txoj kev siab phem.
Nodular fibrocystic mastopathy yog hloov los ntawm tib yam kev hloov hauv cov nqaij tawv nqaij, tab sis lawv tsis diffuse, tiam sis laus li ib los sis ntau ntau pob. Nodes tsis muaj meej ciam teb, nce ua ntej kev hnyav thiab txo qis dua tom qab. Lawv tsis txuas nrog daim tawv nqaij.
Tus mob yog ua los ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm tus kheej (cov ntawv tsis txaus siab ntawm tus neeg mob) thiab lub hom phiaj kuaj, uas muaj xws li palpation ntawm lub mis, nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm supine, nrog rau kev soj ntsuam ntawm tag nrho nws cov quadrants.
Cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj uas tau pom thaum lub sij hawm palpation, feem ntau yog nyob hauv cov cheeb tsam sab nraud ntawm cov caj pas. Qee lub sij hawm cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj tau muaj kev tsis sib thooj.
Thaum nias ntawm lub txiv mis yuav tshwm tuaj - pob tshab, lub teeb lossis pos huab, nrog lub taum qe, qee zaum - dawb, zoo li cov mis.
Cov kev tshawb fawb tshwj xeeb siv mammography, uas yog ua nyob rau thawj ib nrab ntawm kev coj khaub ncaws. Ultrasound kuj yog ua tiav nyob rau hauv thawj theem ntawm lub voj voog. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, ultrasound txiav txim siab microcystic hloov thiab kev kawm.
Sib nqus resonance imaging nrog sib piv li ua rau nws ua tau kom txawv txawv benign thiab malignant qhov chaw ntawm mammary qog, thiab ntxiv kom meej meej qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov pob txha ntawm cov axillary lymph nodes, uas feem ntau nrog nws lus tsis yog malignant, tab sis kuj benign kev nyob rau hauv cov qog cov qog.
Ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas qhov hno tshuaj yog ua raws li kev soj ntsuam cov cytological ntawm cov tshuaj aspirate. Qhov tseeb ntawm kev kuaj mob cancer nrog rau hom no yog 90-100%.
Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub feem ntau raug kev txom nyem los ntawm fibrocystic mastopathy, thiab cov neeg mob xws li cov muaj feem yuav tsim cov mob cancer ntawm lub mis. Yog li, qhov kev kuaj mob gynecological yuav tsum muaj xws li palpation ntawm mammary qog.
Ib tug poj niam uas tau pom zuaj hauv lub caj pas mammary yuav tsum raug xa mus rau tus kws kho mob oncologist.
Txoj kev kho tsuas yog sau thaum tag nrho cov kev kuaj pom tau ua kom paub tseeb tias tus neeg mob tsis muaj malignant tsim. Fibroadenoma yuav raug tshem tawm ntawm kev phais. Lwm hom mastopathy raug kho kom zoo.