Nyob hauv lub tebchaws United Kingdom, txoj kev kawm ntawv yog cov qauv ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo uas tsim los ntawm ntau pua xyoo. Ntawm no, kev kawm yuav tsum yog rau cov pej xeem uas tau nto hnub nyoog 5 xyoos thiab mus txog rau hnub nyoog 16 xyoo. Txoj kev kawm ntawv muaj ob feem: pej xeem (muab kev qhia dawb) thiab ntiav (uas sawv cev los ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv them nyiaj, cov tsev kawm ntawv ntiav). Nyob rau hauv UK, ob lub hauv kev kawm ntawv zoo kawg nkaus coexist: ib tug koomtxoos nyob rau hauv teb chaws Askiv, Northern Ireland thiab Wales, thiab lwm qhov siv nyob rau hauv Scotland.
Cov tsev kawm nyob hauv tebchaws Askiv
Cov kev qhia ntau yam thiab cov ncauj lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv ntau yam hauv kev cais ntawm cov tsev kawm lus Askiv.
Cov pawg thawj coj hauv tsev kawm ntawv yog cov uas muaj nyob hauv UK. Nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv xws li, cov tub ntxhais kawm raug qhia cov hauv paus thiab kawm nrog lub tsev kawm ntawv.
Thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv hauv qab no:
Cov tsev kawm ntawv puv ntoob yog tsim rau cov me nyuam muaj hnub nyoog 2-18 xyoo. Cov tsev kawm ntawv cov kev kawm preschool (cov tsev laus thiab cov kindergartens) - rau cov menyuam yaus 2-7 xyoo. Lawv qhia nyeem ntawv, sau ntawv, suav cov lus, them nqi rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam nrog kev pab ntawm kev ua si. Ntau zaus lawv tsim nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv qib siab (muab xam rau ib xyoos ntawm 2 xyoos 9 hlis txog 4 xyoos).
Cov Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab Cov tsev kawm ntawv rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv qib qis yog tsim rau cov me nyuam 7-13 xyoo. Cov me nyuam tau txais kev kawm thawj zaug nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev kawm, raws li lawv xeem dhau qhov kev xeem - Cov Kev Nkag Nkag Feem Ntau. Tsuas yog muaj kev vam meej ntawm qhov kev xeem no yog tau kev kawm ntxiv hauv kev kawm theem siab.
Cov tsev kawm ntawv qib qis qhia cov menyuam uas muaj hnub nyoog 4-11 xyoos, npaj lawv rau SATs xeem, uas tau muab tso rau hauv 2 phaj, thaum xyoo 2 thiab 6. Raws li kev soj ntsuam zaum ob, tus me nyuam nkag hauv tsev kawm ntawv theem nrab.
Cov tsev kawm ntawv Senior yog ib lub tsev kawm ntawv rau cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv qib siab, uas cov hluas muaj hnub nyoog 13-18 xyoo kawm. Thawj ob xyoos ntawm kev kawm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv no yog npaj los xeem GCSE ib qho kev xeem. Tom qab ntawd ua raws li ob xyoos kev kawm: International Baccalaureate (lossis A-Level).
Tsev kawm ntawv theem nrab yog tsim los qhia cov me nyuam hnub nyoog 11 xyoos thiab laus dua.
Lub tsev kawm ntawv cov qauv lus qhia tseem muaj kev cob qhia rau cov menyuam yaus txij li 11 xyoos, tab sis qhov kev kawm loj. Nws yog nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv no hais tias cov me nyuam tau txais kev cob qhia tsim nyog rau nkag mus rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv (The English Sixth Form).
Cov tsev kawm ntawv hauv qab no yog qhov txawv ntawm poj niam los txiv neej:
Hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv sib xyaw, cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm ob hom kev sib deev raug cob qhia. Nyob hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv rau cov ntxhais - tsuas yog cov ntxhais, hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv rau cov tub hluas, raws li, tsuas yog cov tub hluas xwb.
Cov tsev kawm ntawv preschool
Cov pej xeem hauv tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Pre-school cov tsev kawm ntawv Aaskis tuaj yeem tau txais hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv dawb los yog tsev kawm ntawv. Ntau tus menyuam tuaj yeem koom tsev zov me nyuam, tsim rau 3-4 xyoos.
Kev kawm npaj
Cov tsev kawm ntawv ntiav tau lees txais cov me nyuam hauv chav pib los yog kev npaj kawm ntawv txij hnub nyoog 4-5 xyoos. Cov tub ntxhais kawm txawv teb chaws mus rau ib lub tsev kawm ntawv ntiav thaum 7 xyoo, tom qab ntawd 11-13 xyoo dhau rau cov chav kawm hauv tib lub tsev kawm ntawv.
Kev kawm qib qis
Pej xeem cov tsev kawm ntawv yog tsim los rau cov menyuam yaus ntawm 5 xyoos. Thaum muaj 11 xyoo, cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv mus kawm ntawv qib siab lossis qib siab hauv tib lub tsev kawm ntawv.
Tsev kawm ntawv theem nrab
Kev kawm theem nrab rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 16 xyoo yuav tsum tau ua. Hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv dawb thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv, cov menyuam hnubnyoog 11-16 raug cob qhia, tom qab uas lawv tau txais ib daim ntawv pov thawj kawm tiav secondary education GCSE (English General Certificate of Secondary Education) lossis ib daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev kawm tiav ntawm GNVQ (English General National Vocational Qualification). Feem ntau cov menyuam yaus txawv tebchaws tau nkag rau hauv cov tsev kawm theem nrab British (hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv ntiav tshwj xeeb) hauv 11-13 xyoo. Cov tsev kawm ntawv British siv zog los tsim ib qho kev muaj tswv yim, kev ntseeg tus kheej, kev coj tus kheej. Cov menyuam kawm ntawv kawm txog ntau yam, ces xeem dhau qhov kev xeem - Kev Nkag Mus Rau Qib Siab. Yog tias qhov kev kuaj mob siab dhau, tus menyuam tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv qib siab. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 14 txog 14 xyoos, cov menyuam npaj tau mus xeem (hauv 7-9 yam kev kawm), raws li lawv tau txais Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Kawm Txuj Ci (daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev kawm theem siab).