Nyob rau hauv qhov kev nkag siab hais tias cov classic cim ntawm ARI, pom thiab audible los ntawm ib tug neeg tsis muaj kev kawm tshwj xeeb, tsis txhob cia kom nco ntsoov tias qhov hnoos no - yeej bronchitis. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm rau ib tus kws kho mob, qhov mob ntawm bronchitis tsis nthuav tawm tej teeb meem vim lub qhov mob ntsim ntawm qhov mob ntsws ntawm cov tsos mob zoo li mob. Cov tsos mob ntawm bronchitis nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam, nws kev kho mob - tag nrho cov no nyob rau hauv ib tsab xov xwm.
Cov cim tshwj xeeb
Lo lus "bronchitis" tsuas yog ib nqe lus ntawm qhov mob ntawm qhov mob ntawm lub bronchi, thiab mob yog microbial (viral, bacterial) thiab kev ua xua Lwm yam nuance ntawm tus mob ntawm bronchitis yog tias qhov tob ntawm tus kab mob kis tau txawv. Hais lus, piv txwv li, tuaj yeem mus txog tracheobronchitis, uas tsuas yog cov trachea thiab loj bronchi muaj cuam tshuam, tab sis nws yuav kis tau rau cov txheej txheem inflammatory tsawg dua - mus rau lub nruab nrab ntawm bronchi, lub me me bronchi. Qhov kev puas tsuaj rau cov tsos mob ntawm lub cev nqaij ntshiv feem ntau yog txiav txim siab ob qhov kev mob tshwm sim thiab qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob. Qhov tob rau txoj kev ywj pheej - lub qhov ncauj tawm hauv qhov chaw ntawm qhov mob. Li no, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov kev pheej yaus muaj ntau dua, nws nyuab dua hnoos tau phlegm, dyspnea yog ntau tshaj qhia.
Rau ob lub siab?
Tus thawj xibfwb tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlab ntsws los ntawm cov kabmob lossis kabmob yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov mob ntawm tus mob. Thiab qhov cuab kev tseeb no yog ib qho kev qhia meej kom meej. Xav txog ob yam kab mob. Ib tug muaj peev xwm multiply nyob rau mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm lub qhov ntswg, ob - nyob rau mucous daim nyias nyias ntawm bronchi. Hauv thawj cov ntaub ntawv, qhov dav ntawm cov hlab pas muaj rau tus kab mob no muaj ob peb centimeters (qhov ntswg ntau npaum li cas!). Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob - ib ob peb meters ntawm bronchial tsob ntoo. Nws tsis yog xav tsis thoob tias nyob rau hauv bronchitis, nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rhinitis, muaj ntau lub sij hawm ntau cov ntaub so ntswg mob, ntau co toxins yog absorbed rau hauv cov ntshav, thiab thiaj li nyob rau. Li no - tsis yog li ntau txoj cai raws li ib tug tag nrho cov zajlus kom meej rau qhov tseeb tias lub plawv ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub lesion ntawm qis txoj kab mob qis dua yog tshaj qhia tau tshaj nyob rau hauv lub swb ntawm lub upper respiratory ib ntsuj av. Thiab ib txoj cai ntxiv: nws tsis tshua muaj cov microbe tib lub sij hawm ua rau muaj kev mob loj ntawm ob lub bronchi thiab lub taub ntswg. Yog li, qhov hnoos hawb hnoos nrog ib nyuag txhaws ntswg ntau dua ib qho mob ntsws loj, tab sis yog hais tias tus snot yog tus kwj deg, ces cov pob txha yuav tsis zoo li.
Hnoos ua pov thawj
Txij li thaum peb pib tham txog hnoos, peb ua tib zoo nco, ntau dua, peb rov hais dua, tias tsis muaj ib qho hnoos qhoos hnoos. Yam ntxwv ntawm hnoos txawv nrog tus mob ntawm lub bronchi tas li. Thaum pib ntawm kev mob, hnoos, raws li txoj cai, yog nquag, qhuav, luv luv, mob, tsis tuaj yeem pab daws. Raws li nws rov qab, nws tiav niam txiv moisturized thiab tsim.
(Tsis) ua pa nyuab yooj yim
Muaj peb cov mechanisms uas ua rau kev ua pa lab ntawm txoj kev mob hauv txoj hlab pas hauv txoj hlab pas: ua pa, ua pa, mob siab. Thiab edema ntawm bronchial mucosa, thiab spasm ntawm cov nqaij ntshiv bronchial, thiab hypersecretion ntawm hnoos qeev los ntawm qog ntawm bronchial mucosa - tag nrho cov no (nyob rau hauv ntau yam degrees ntawm qhov hnyav) yeej ib txwm siv qhov chaw hauv cov hlab ntsws. Nws tsis yog ib qho txawv txav uas ua tsis taus pa thiab ua pa nyuab heev yog cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob bronchi uas muaj nyias tus cwj pwm. Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua pa ntawm bronchitis - yog tias nws tsis yooj yim, nws tsis yooj yim yog tsis nqus (raws li nrog croup), uas yog tawm mus tua. Qhov ua tsis taus pa yog ib qho kev mob ntawm cov roj ntsha xwb tsis yog, nws yog ib qho qauv zoo hauv cov txheej txheem mob hauv txoj hlab nqus pa. Ntawm no, hauv txoj cai, nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab ib zaug ntxiv rov qab nco dua thiab cov tsiaj ntawv sau ntawv sau ib txoj cai tseem ceeb:
♦ tsis muaj teebmeem kev ploj mus - ib yam kabmob uas tshwm sim ntawm txoj hlab pas hauv siab;
♦ Ua tsis taus pa yog ib yam kabmob ntawm qis qis qis.
Nws yog tseeb tias cov txheej txheem inflammatory muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam rau ob lub qaum thiab sab nraub qis. Nws yog qhov tseeb hais tias kev khaus ntawm cov hlab cua tuaj yeem ncav cuag ib qho teeb meem loj thaum nws yuav nyuaj ua pa thiab ua pa tawm. Thiab ces txog kev ua pa yuav tsum tov. Tab sis qhov no tsis yog qhov kev tsis txaus siab ntawm txoj cai, tab sis tsuas yog nws cov duab. Qhov nyuaj ua pa hauv cov pob txha yuav pom, ua ntej txhua yam, los ntawm lub caij nyoog ntawm kev siv exhalation. Ib qho tseem ceeb tseem ceeb yog qhov muag thaum lub exhalation ntawm lub suab hawb pob, uas yog ib yam kab mob ntawm cov pob txha broncospasm.
Nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm tshwj xeeb mloog
Bronchospasm yog ib yam kab mob ntsws ntawm cov hlab ntsws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tus cwj pwm ntawm kev ua xua. Hauv kev pom ntawm qhov tseem ceeb, cia peb rov qab hais dua: ib qho elongated, hawb pob pa hnoos yog qhov taw qhia txog kev mob ntsws bronchospasm. Qhov hnoos qeev ntawm cov hnoos pob txha ntawm bronchial nyob rau hauv lub lumen ntawm lub bronchi ua rau cov tsos ntawm ib txha ua pa, hnoos heev, qhov tsim tau los ntawm cov khoom ntawm hnoos qeev, hnoos qeev thiab ntom - hnoos unproductive, hnoos qeev kua - hnoos zoo, nqa nyem. Ib qho kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov hlab ntsws (bronchitis) - yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua pa yuav hloov tom qab lub sijhawm hnoos: hnoos txhaws thiab hnyav hnoos, hnoos, hnoos qeev mus, nws tau ua ntau zaus ntau dua.
Hnov txhua yam!
Cov tsos mob ntawm cov paib no tseem ceeb heev tsis yog los teb cov lus nug: yog muaj ntsws los sis tsis tuaj, tab sis kuj yuav soj ntsuam qhov kev siv ntawm txoj kev ywj pheej, lub suab nrov thiab kev ua pa ntawm kev ua pa, qhov sib piv ntawm kev tshoov siab thiab tas sij hawm, ntau hom qhuav thiab ntub dej, lub zog ntawm lub xeev tom qab hnoos, kev kuaj pom los yog tsis tuaj ntawm br nhospazma - cov cuab thiab pheej yig auscultatory cov tsos mob cia ib tug kws kho mob los teb ntau cov lus nug:
♦ Mob ntsws los sis tsis mob;
♦ Muaj tooj liab los yog tsis;
♦ hnoos ntau npaum li cas, nws yog dabtsi, qhov twg nws yog;
♦ Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub tias muaj tus cem quav, mob hlwb, mob siab, vim qhov phem nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem no, yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm thiab. raws li, cov kev npaj yuav tsum tau siv nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw - txo kev ua paug, tshem tawm cov tshuaj lossis tshem tawm cov phlegm;
♦ ntawm qib uas lub bronchi raug cuam tshuam: loj bronchi, nruab nrab, me me lossis tag nrho:
♦ Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov hlab ntsws ntsws ntawm sab xis thiab sab laug: tag nrho yog sib npaug sib npaug, txoj kev mob ntsws tob tob, muaj hnoos qeev ntau rau ntawm sab laug, ntau dua bronchospasm, thiab zoo li ntawm txoj cai. Txog qhov kawg, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias bronchitis hauv ARI yog ib txwm muaj ob sab, txij li nws tsis yooj yim sua kom xav txog ib qho teeb meem uas muaj kab mob, kab mob los yog ib qho allergen yuav nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsws sab xis, tab sis tawm sab laug lub ploj.
Qhov txawv loj
Hauv feem ntau ntawm cov neeg mob, thaum tus kws kho mob hais lo lus "bronchitis", thiab tus me nyuam, raws li, muaj mob ntsws nrog, nws yog ib nqe lus nug ntawm viral bronchitis. Qhov sib koom ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov hlab ntsha yog li 99% ntawm tag nrho (!) Bronchitis. Thiab nws yog to taub thiab heev muaj tseeb tias qhov tseeb hais tias viral bronchitis feem ntau tsim tawm tsam lub keeb kwm ntawm ARVI. Yuav luag txhua qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm ARI feem ntau thiab kis tus kab mob ntsev hauv particular yog qhov teeb meem uas ib tus kab mob ua rau ob qho tib si cereal thiab bronchitis tib lub sijhawm. Tus mob no hu ua stenosis laryngotraheobronchitis. Daim ntawv teev cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob ntsws (bronchitis) tsis yog siv rau cov kab mob ntsws (respiratory virus). Allergic bronchitis tshwm sim sai sai, tom qab kev sib cuag nrog ib qho chaw ntawm kev fab tshuaj, tab sis nws yuav ua tau ib qho kev ywj pheej thiab ib hom kab mob tshwj xeeb - bronchial hawb pob. Xws li cov hlab ntsws, nrog rau kev ua txhaum ntawm patency ntawm bronchi, uas yog kev tsis haum hauv lub cev, tshwm sim rau cov keeb kwm ntawm lub ntsws mob ntsws thiab feem ntau yog los ntawm bronchospasm.