Hauv cov hlwb ruamqauj, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm kev totaub, kev xav ntawm lub hlwb yog cuam tshuam, lawv qhov kev xav, kev nco, kev hais lus-kev xav, kev hais lus, thiab lwm yam ntxiv. Cov me nyuam yaus xws li cov teeb meem hauv kev sib raug zoo, tsim kev nyiam. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv raug kev cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev, muaj teeb meem ntawm kev tsim kho, lub cev muaj zog, qee qhov kev txawv txav sab nraud, piv txwv, tus qauv ntawm pob txha taub hau, qhov loj ntawm qhov nrees hloov tau qee yam.
Kev puas siab puas ntsws yog muab faib ua 3 degrees: kev poob (qis qis backwardness), imbecility (sib sib zog nqus backwardness), qhabnias (qhov loj tshaj thim rov qab). Muaj qee yam ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws (retardation): me nyuam kawm ntawv qib siab (IQ tsawg tshaj 70), kawm qib nrab (IQ tsawg dua 50), kawm ntawv loj (IQ tsawg dua 35), sib sib zog nqus qib (IQ tsawg tshaj 20).
Pib ntawm tus me nyuam hlwb ruam hlwb yog qhov tsim nyog txij thaum nws tseem yau. Cov menyuam yaus muaj kev txaus siab rau lub ntiaj teb lub hom phiaj, vim qhov xav paub ntev ntev tsis tuaj yeem, piv txwv li, tus menyuam tsis xav txog ib qho khoom ua si, tsis ua si nrog nws, thiab lwm yam. Ntawm no, lub tswv yim yuav tsum tau ua kom paub tseeb tias tus me nyuam muaj tus cwj pwm tseeb, kev ua ub ua no, tus cwj pwm ntawm tus me nyuam. Kev xav, kev xaav ntawm lub ntiaj teb nyob ib ncig ntawm cov menyuam yaus nrog hlwb ruamqauj yog nyob theem qis, yog tias koj tsis kam nrog cov menyuam no.
Yog tias peb pib qhov kev loj hlob ntawm ib tus me nyuam kawm qib laus hlwb hauv cov khaub zig cua, ces nws yuav plam kev txawj nrog cov neeg, kev txawj ntse ntawm lub hom phiaj. Yog hais tias tus me nyuam tsis muaj kev sib cuag nrog nws cov phooj ywg thiab cov neeg laus, tsis ua si nrog me nyuam los yog koom nrog ib yam dab tsi, nws yuav cuam tshuam rau kev sib haum xeeb, kev loj hlob ntawm kev xav, kev nco, kev paub, kev xav, kev hais, yuav thiab li ntawd. Nrog txoj kev mus kom haum rau kev txhim kho thiab kev kawm, nws tsim nyog los kho kev cuam tshuam rau kev txhim kho kev paub thiab kev hais lus.
Koj tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsim sib txawv thaum qhia nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv tus menyuam uas muaj hlwb ruamqauj, nyob ntawm seb qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov tsis ncaj. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj qhov nruab nrab thiab loj heev ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws (imbecility, idiocy) yog cov menyuam uas muaj kev tsis taus. Lawv tau txais nyiaj laus thiab yuav tsum muaj ib tug neeg saib xyuas los yog nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv tshwj xeeb ntawm social security. Tsis yog txhua tus niam txiv muaj peev xwm tiv tau nrog kev tu siab heev, yog li ntawd lawv yuav tsum tau txais kev pab kho mob hlwb thiab pab tswv yim.
Cov menyuam uas muaj hlwb ruamqauj (muaj teebmeem) muaj teebmeem txog lwm yam. Ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem loj yog qhov kev kawm ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv qhov kev kawm ntawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv loj. Thiab qhia ib tug me nyuam nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw pab (tsev kawm ntawv lub tsev kawm ntawv) yog ib qho nyuaj rau niam txiv.
Hauv txhua lub teb chaws, txoj kev thiab qhov chaw ntawm kev kawm ntawm cov menyuam uas muaj hlwb ruamqauj txawv txawv. Txog hnub nyuam qhuav, nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, hlwb ruamqauj ntawm cov menyuam tau kawm ntau dua hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv pab. Tab sis tsis ntev los no, cov niam txiv nce cov me nyuam no mus rau cov tsev kawm ntawv qis dua, tab txawm tsis quav ntsej txog kev pom zoo. Raws li txoj cai lij choj, cov menyuam uas muaj hlwb ruamqauj yuav tsum tau mus kuaj xyuas kev mob nkeeg thiab cov xibfwb qhia ntawv, uas txiavtxim siab tias nws puas tuaj yeem mus kawm hauv ib lub tsev kawm lossis cov kindergarten.
Hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv ua ncaj ncees, cov me nyuam tsuas tuaj nrog lawv niam lawv txiv xwb, tab sis, raws li tau hais lawm, feem ntau yog qhov nyuaj rau cov niam txiv los ua cov kauj ruam no, thiab lawv muab tus me nyuam mus rau ib lub tsev kawm ntawv. Hauv qee lub tsev kawm ntawv loj muaj cov chav kawm kho rau cov menyuam uas hlwb ruamqauj, thiab hauv qee lub tsev kawm ntawv ntiav kuj yog cov hlwb ruamqauj ntawm cov menyuam raug cob qhia. Ib qho teeb meem loj yog qhov kev sib txuas lus thiab kev kawm ntawm cov me nyuam uas muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm kev rov qab. Tiam sis yog tias ib tug me nyuam ua zoo thiab tau txais kev pab los kawm, ces, thaum nws loj hlob tuaj, nws muaj peev xwm los ua ib tus neeg hauv zej zog: tau ib txoj hauj lwm, txawm pib ib tse neeg thiab me nyuam. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas cov menyuam thiab lawv niam lawv txiv tau txais kev sab laj nrog cov kws tshwj xeeb.
Tsis yog txhua tus menyuam uas hlwb ruamqauj yeej kawm tau hauv cov tsev kawm quab yuam, vim hais tias feem ntau cov menyuam yaus kuj muaj cov kabmob sib txawv. Tab sis kuj muaj cov me nyuam uas tsis tuaj yeem hais qhia lawv tias lawv txoj kev loj hlob yog poob qab, uas, txawm tias muaj teeb meem, muaj peev xwm muaj kev kub ntxhov hauv kev kawm ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv xws li tus me nyuam xav tau ib tus neeg (tus neeg qhia ntawv), nws yuav nrog nws mus rau cov chav kawm, pab ua kom tiav ntau yam dej num. Tus menyuam uas hlwb ruamqauj tuaj yeem raug kawm nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv loj, tiamsis qhov no yuav tsum tau ua kom haum thiab muaj kev sib haum xeeb zoo. Hauv tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum muaj cov chav kawm me me, thiab qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kawm ntawv yuav tsum yog tus kws kho mob thiab tus kws kho mob.
Tab sis txhua tus tib yam, kev sib koom tes ntawm kev noj qab nyob zoo thiab hlwb ruam ruam cov me nyuam muaj qee qhov teeb meem ntawm lub hlwb rau tom kawg. Yog tias tus menyuam uas muaj tus xibfwb lossis tus kws qhia ntawv tsis qhia ntawv hauv chav kawm, tus xibfwb, nws yuav piav qhia txog cov menyuam feem coob yuav coj tus cwj pwm zoo li cas thiab kev kho tus menyuam li cas, tiam sis yeej yuav muaj ob peb tug menyuam uas yuav qia thiab ua rau tus menyuam muaj hlwb ruamqauj. Hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv, muaj kev siab phem, cov menyuam yaus feem ntau lim hiam, thiab ib tug me nyuam uas muaj hlwb ruam ruam feem ntau tsis paub yuav ua li cas thiab ua tau yooj yim. Nyob hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv, tus menyuam no yuav raug khoob.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tus menyuam uas hlwb ruamqauj yuav pom nws nyuaj heev rau tus xibfwb qhia ntawv, lej, thiab lwm yam lus. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias tus me nyuam ntog mus rau hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv thiab mus rau ib chav kawm ntawv, lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav tsum ntsuas nws tsis raws li USE cov kev cai, tab sis raws li cov txheej txheem rau kev lees paub ntawm cov hlwb ruamqauj. Yog li no, qhov kev qhia zoo tshaj plaws rau kev qhia rau tus menyuam uas muaj hlwb ruamqauj nyob hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv yog ib chav kawm ntawv tshwj xeeb. Tab sis, hmoov tsis, ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv tsis kam tsim cov hoob kawm no.
Tamsim no, cov menyuam uas muaj hlwb ruamqauj raug cob qhia ntau dua rau cov tsev kawm ntawv tshwj xeeb, txij li lub sijhawm tsis muaj kev hloov zoo rau cov tsev kawm ntawv no. Tam sim no koj paub txhua yam txog kev kawm ntawv thiab tu ib tus menyuam uas hlwb ruamqauj hauv tsev kawm ntawv.