Txog hnub tim, kws kho mob tshwj xeeb tau tsim kev paub txaus txog cov teeb meem ntawm kev siv yeeb tshuaj rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam mos thiab cov me nyuam mos. Qhov feem ntau txaus ntshai tshuaj nrog ib tug teratogenic nyhuv (qhov kev loj hlob ntawm congenital malformations nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam yav tom ntej).
Cov tshuaj uas tiv thaiv thaum cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem muaj lawv lub sijhawm thaum twg los ntawm kev xeebtub, tiam sis cov ntaub ntawv ntau tshaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txhim khu tau los ntawm kev saib xyuas cov kev siv yeeb siv tshuaj thaum lub sijhawm ntawm organogenesis (txij 18 txog 55 hnub) thiab thaum lub sijhawm fetal kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob (tom qab 56 hnub) .
Ntau rau peb cov kev tu siab, kev txiav txim siab teratogenic rau tib neeg yog qhov nyuaj los kwv yees, raws li cov lus qhia kev sim, uas tau rau tsiaj. Piv txwv, hypnotic thalidomide yog ib qho tiag teratogen, thiab nyob rau lub sij hawm no cov tshuaj no feem ntau sau rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub hauv ntiaj teb. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov no nyob rau ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm kev sim ntawm cov tsiaj tej kev nyuab siab teratogenic tsis tau tau qhia.
Ntawm lwm yam, qhov kev kuaj xyuas ntawm cov teeb meem ntawm kev siv yeeb tshuaj no kuj nyuaj los ntawm cov keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm fetal anomalies uas yog txuam nrog lwm yam ua (kev quav dej caw, ecology, kis kab mob, thiab lwm yam).
Muaj ntau cov yeeb tshuaj uas muaj feem tsim kev phem los ntawm qhov kev pom ntawm teratogenesis, thiab cov nyhuv uas pom tau zoo thaum muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau qhov no. Yog li, thaum sau cov tshuaj rau cov poj niam hauv lub caij nyoog me nyuam, nws tseem ceeb rau kev txheeb xyuas cov kev pheej hmoo uas muaj thiab muaj feem xyuam nrog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv tshuaj thaum cev xeeb tub. Nws tseem ceeb heev kom tshem menyuam tawm yog tias cov tshuaj muaj cov tshuaj teratogenic tau sau tseg.
Raws li cov txiaj ntsim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tau txais tom qab cov kev sim rau tib neeg thiab feem ntau ntawm cov tsiaj txhu, siv yeeb tshuaj hauv cov caij nyoog niaj hnub no yog tso tawm raws li qhov muaj teeb meem rau cov me nyuam yav tom ntej hauv teb chaws (Australia, USA). Cov tshuaj no tau muab faib ua pawg ntawm A, uas muaj kev nyab xeeb, rau D, uas yog txaus ntshai rau kev sau npe thaum cev xeeb tub.
Thiab cov qeb X yog faib - cov tshuaj no yog cov tshuaj tsis meej rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Qhov no yog vim muaj qhov tseeb tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm daim ntawv thov nyiaj ntau dua qhov txiaj ntsig vim yog qhov tsis tshua zoo kho.
Cov npe ntawm cov yeeb tshuaj ntawm qeb X:
- antidepressants;
- hormonal contraceptives;
- antihypertensives (chlorothiazide, reserpine);
- ntau hom tshuaj tua kab mob (tetracycline, streptomycin);
- vitamin A, yog cov tshuaj noj ntau tshaj 10,000 IU ib hnub;
- analgesics (indomethacin, aspirin).
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab no:
- qee yam kev txhaj tshuaj (txawm tias raug mob los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv plab yog tsis muaj pov thawj);
- cov tshuaj uas ua rau muaj kev phiv tshuaj, thiab tus kws kho mob sau tseg tsuas yog thaum tsim nyog rau tus poj niam cev xeeb tub;
- kev tshawb fawb tsis muaj kev tshawb nrhiav (qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm daim ntawv thov tsis muaj pov thawj, tab sis kuj tsis yog refuted).
Nws tseem yuav tsum tau yug nyob rau hauv lub hlwb hais tias ib tug poj niam siv tsis tau tsuas yog siv tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub, tab sis kuj yog ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab. Piv txwv li, ib tug blueberry, niam-thiab-stepmother, comfrey, magnolia, juniper, stekhnia, thiab lwm yam.
Ua ntej yuav siv cov tshuaj, tus poj niam cev xeeb tub yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo soj ntsuam daim ntawv sau qhia, vim hais tias muaj qhov qhia tau tias nws yuav siv tau cov tshuaj no thaum lub caij nws cev xeeb tub thiab lub sijhawm pub mis. Kev ntseeg tau, koj tuaj yeem sab laj nrog ib tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb.
Thaum sau cov tshuaj thiab txiav txim siab qhov koob tshuaj, tus kws kho mob yuav tsum tau muab xam rau cov txiaj ntsig tsis zoo ntawm kev xeeb tub, tiam sis tseem yog qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev xeeb tub ntawm kev siv tshuaj. Qhov no yog vim muaj qhov tseeb thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub hloov hauv kev nqus, kev faib tawm thiab kev qaug tshuaj. Ntxiv rau, thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub, qhov kev hloov ntawm cov nqaij ntshiv pauv, qhov dej ntawm extracellular kua dej, nyob rau hauv peb lub hlis peb hloov cov haujlwm ntawm ob lub raum thiab lub siab, thiab lawv koom rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kev ua thiab tshem tawm cov tshuaj.
Kev pom zoo ntawm cov nyiaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum raug tso tseg thaum lub sijhawm npaj muaj menyuam hauv plab, rau poj niam thiab txiv neej. Thaum cev xeeb tub tshwm sim, yuav tsum saib xyuas zoo: ua raws li tus kws kho mob pom zoo thiab ceev faj txog kev noj tshuaj.