Yog tias koj muaj sij hawm, muaj siab, thiab koj hais hom lus, txawm tias nws tsis zoo tag nrho, sim kawm koj tus menyuam nrog tus menyuam. Tom qab tag nrho, tsis suav cov xibfwb qhia ntawv, koj nyob ze tus menyuam txhua lub sijhawm. Cov chav kawm tuaj yeem ua thaum taug kev, koj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam, cuam tshuam yog tias tus menyuam nkees. Ntxiv ntawm tej kev ua ub ua no muaj ntau. Tab sis nws yuav tsum nyob rau hauv lub hlwb nco ntsoov tias philologists pom zoo kom kawm ib hom lus txawv teb chaws tom qab tus me nyuam tau paub nws hom lus zoo.
Yuav ua li cas qhia lus Askiv rau ib tus menyuam? Thaum kawm ntawv Askiv, nws yog qhov zoo dua yog pib kawm cov suab, ua li cas rau lawv, tsuas yog tom qab uas koj tuaj yeem pib kawm cov niam ntawv. Them ntau xim rau cov suab nrov ntawm thawj hom lus. Tus menyuam yuav tsum paub hais tias tus nplaig yuav tig li cas ntawm lub palate, lub suab zoo li cas nws ua rau, thiab yog tias koj hloov qhov chaw ntawm daim di ncauj, koj tau txais ntau lub suab. Nco ntsoov piav dab tsi "do" lossis qhov chaw uas nyob ntawm lub suab ntawm ntau lub suab lus Askiv. Piv txwv, lub suab [t] zoo ib yam li Lavxias teb sab, tab sis tsis zoo li Lavxias teb sab, thaum hais tau lus, tus nplaig ntawm tus nplaig me ntsis ntxiv ntawm cov hniav thiab nphav nws lub phaj, thiab tsis yog li ntawd. Cov me nyuam yaus tsis tuaj yeem tau txais cov suab lus sib-hawm - qhov no yog vim hloov cov mis nyuj cov hniav mus tas li, tsis txhob rush tus me nyuam. Cia nws xav tias txoj hauj lwm ntawm qhov lus, nws thiaj li nws yuav ua tiav. Thaum tus menyuam tau txais ib lub suab tshiab, nco ntsoov qhuas nws.
Ib txhij nrog lub suab ib tug tuaj yeem kawm tau lus lo lus. Thawj lo lus yuav tsum yog kev txaus siab rau koj tus me nyuam. Tej zaum nws yog nws nyiam cov khoom ua si los yog cov tsiaj uas nws paub. Zoo, yog koj hais nws, thaum koj hais lo lus. Koj tuaj yeem nqa duab, nrhiav duab sib txawv. Tus me nyuam, ntsia daim duab, nws yuav kawm tau lo lus tsis tas yuav tsum tau txhais ib qho lus ua nws hom lus. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los pib kawm cov lus ntawm lub npe, ces koj tuaj yeem muaj ob peb lub npe. Cov khoom siv qhia tau hauv ob peb leeg: loj - me me, (qhia tus me nyuam ob daim duab: rau ib - tus ntxhw, ntawm lwm - nas), qhov ntev ntev - luv, txuas mus Tom qab kev qhia, koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau cov naj npawb: ntawm ib mus rau kaum. Ua cov ntawv teev lus, ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv, kos ib tug xov tooj. Taw qhia daim yuaj, ib txhij hais li cas hais tias qhov no suav ua lus Askiv. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tsis muaj cov lus txaus kom yooj yim pom los ntawm tus me nyuam, kom nws to taub lawv lub ntsiab lus. Tom qab tag nrho, koj tsuas yog kawm cov suab thiab lub suab ntawm tej lo lus, piv txwv li. npaj tus menyuam kom nyeem ntawv.
Kom paub meej tias tus me nyuam tsis nkees los ntawm tsev kawm ntawv, ua kom luv, tsis txhob yuam lossis hais lus, yog tias koj pom tias tus me nyuam nkees lossis tsis nyiam nws. Tom qab kawm cov suab, pib mus rau cov tsiaj ntawv. Cov lus Askiv zoo tshaj plaws yog nco ntsoov nrog kev pab los ntawm zaj nkauj - tus niam ntawv. Mloog zaj nkauj no, hu nkauj koj tus kheej thiab ib txhij qhia cov ntawv uas koj hnov hauv zaj nkauj. Cov ntawv zoo tau qhia zoo dua hauv pawg, raws li lawv mus rau hauv zaj nkauj: ABCD, EFG, HIJK, LMNOP, QRST, UVW, XYZ. Zaj nkauj yuav pab kom cim tau cov npe ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj ntawv, thiab qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev siv phau ntawv txhais lus; sau ib lo lus rau kev hais lus; yuav pab thaum nyeem ntawv. Qhia tus me nyuam paub sau cov ntawv Askiv li cas. Sau cov ntawv no kom tus menyuam tuaj yeem ua tau rau lawv, kos lawv. Tom qab ntawd thov kom nws sau ntawv nws tus kheej, thaum piav dab tsi nws ua. Piv txwv, daim ntawv Q yog ib lub voj voog nrog tus Tsov tus tw hauv qab. Cia cov lus piav qhia no tsis meej rau koj: "Peb kos xws li ib tug wand, ces qhov no," tab sis nws hais tias nws ua dab tsi, thiab nws lub koom haum nws xav. Sib piv cov tsiaj ntawv nrog cov khoom uas nyob ib puag ncig, nug tus me nyuam kom nws hais tias daim ntawv V los sis lwm daim ntawv zoo li cas. Kev sib piv ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv nrog cov khoom sib txawv, pab kom cim tau lawv cov duab. Cim kom zoo sib piv, ces lawv yuav ua raws li cov lus cog tseg thaum tus me nyuam tsis nco qab tsab ntawv. Zoo nco cov tsiaj ntawv nrog kev pab ntawm kev ua si. Ua cov ntawv thawv ntawv nrog cov tsiaj ntawv ntawm cov ntawv hais lus Askiv, koj tuaj yeem yuav cov ntawv nyeem ntau ntawv, ntawv yas, thiab lwm yam. Sau ib tsab ntawv rau ntawm daim ntawv, thiab cia tus me nyuam sim mus nrhiav cov ntawv no ntawm daim ntawv teev lus los yog cov ntawv nyeem sib nqus. Koj tuaj yeem nqa ib kab los ntawm zaj nkauj - tus niam ntawv, hu nkauj rau nws, thiab tus me nyuam yuav pom cov kab no nrog kev pab los ntawm cov ntawv teev lus.
Muaj qee cov kev ua lej: ua kom cov ntawv teev lus nrog cov tsiaj ntawv hauv cov ntawv hais lus Askiv, tab sis cia ib tug, thiab tom qab ntawd tseem ua yuam kev, hais kom tus me nyuam txhim kho cov ntawv tseeb. Tom qab ntawd, nrog kev pab los ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv, ua cov lus yooj yim ua ke ua ke, thiab mam li hais kom tus me nyuam sim tsim ib lo lus ntawm nws tus kheej. Koj tuaj yeem nrog cov ntau yam sib txawv, tab sis tsis txhob hais rau cov chav kawm yog tias koj pom tias tus me nyuam tsis nyiam los yog nws nkees. Sim hloov lub zog lossis siv sij hawm so. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas cov kev ua ub no rau tus me nyuam muaj kev txaus siab, nws txaus siab rau nws txoj kev paub, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no lawv yuav ua tau zoo.