Peb tseem pom lub sijhawm thaum nws yog txaj muag txawm xav txog kev them nyiaj rau kev kawm. Them rau kev kawm? Koj txhais li cas! Nws yog cia TAM hla cov dej hiav txwv yuav paub txog txiaj, thiab peb lub xeev muaj peev xwm muab nws cov me nyuam kawm ntawv ncaj ncees ntawm lawv tus kheej cov nqi!! Tam sim no txhua yam yog txawv. Zoo li nceb tom qab los nag, muaj tag nrho cov vaj tse tshiab, tsev kawm ntawv, tsev kawm qib siab, lyceums. Thiab, txawm tias tus nqi siab tshaj ntawm cov kev pabcuam, lawv tsis yog los ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Qhov no yuav piav qhia li cas? Thiab yog vim li cas cov txiv neej muaj nyiaj txaus muab lawv cov me nyuam mus rau cov tsev kawm ntawv ntiav - tsuas yog rau qhov zoo ntawm kev nplua nuj? Sib tham?
Qhov tseeb, kev kawm ntawv them nyiaj tuaj rau peb tsis ntev dhau los lawm - 15 xyoo dhau los. Thawj cov tsev kawm ntawv muaj kev nyuaj heev. Tsawg tus neeg mob siab rau kev tso siab rau lawv tus me nyuam mus rau "cov kws paub tshwj xeeb rau ib lub nyiaj npib." Muaj kev tsis sib ntseeg ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv xws li lwm yam. Tam sim no, ntau thiab ntau tus niam txiv tau xaiv rau lawv cov me nyuam yog ib qho kev qhia ntawv tshwj xeeb.
HOM NTAWM TSEV KAWM NTAWV TUS KHEEJ
Qhov tseeb tiag, cov tsev kawm ntawv ntiav yog cais li cov pej xeem. Dab tsi yog lawv sib txawv ntawm txhua lwm, dhau li ntawm lub npe?
1. Lyceum.
Cov tsev kawm ntawv xws li ib txwm muaj qee qhov tshwj xeeb, piv txwv li, kev coj noj coj ua, lub cev thiab kev ua lej, thiab lwm yam. Tseeb tiag, qhov kev faib ua rau kev kawm tsis tau pib nrog ib lub tsev kawm ntawv theem pib, tab sis ib chav kawm los ntawm qib xya. Lub sijhawm no, cov tub ntxhais kawm feem ntau twb paub qhov lawv xav sim. Qee cov lyceums tsis qhia "thawj-qib" txhua. Niam txiv muab lawv cov me nyuam muaj tam sim ntawd los ntawm qib tsib. Thiab qee lub tsev tshaj tawm ib lub teeb txawm yog tam sim ntawd los ntawm lub yim - tab sis muaj ntau heev li lyceums.
2. Gymnasium.
Feem ntau yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev coj ua neeg. Qhov kev kawm no muaj xws li cov kev kawm, kev kawm lus, keeb kwm ntawm lus sau ntawv, rhetoric, ntau yam lus txawv teb chaws, thiab lwm yam. Kev nkag mus rau cov tsev kawm ntawv zoo li feem ntau yog dhau los ntawm qhov kev xeem - txawm tias hauv cov chav gymnasiums no twb ua tsis tiav. Vim li cas? Cov lus teb zoo li pom tseeb.
3. Cov tsev kawm ntawv uas tsis kawm cov ntsiab lus
Cov no yog cov tsev kawm ntawv sib xws rau lub xeev tus qauv kev kawm. Qhov ntawd yog, koj tus menyuam yuav tau txais cov khoom siv los ntawm qhov kev pab cuam thiab tsis pub dhau. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov tsev kawm ntawv ntiav tsawg tsawg. Tom qab tag nrho, muaj kiag li tsis muaj dab tsi los cuam tshuam tus neeg siv - rau tej kev kawm tsis tshua leej twg yuav xav them nyiaj.
4. Cov tsev kawm ntawv nrog rau kev kawm txog qee cov ntsiab lus
Cov no yog cov tsev kawm ntawv nrog cov kawm tshwj xeeb. Thiab qhov kev zov me nyuam nws muaj nws tus kheej - kuj yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv tshwj xeeb, tsis yog lub tsev kawm ntawv yooj yooj yim.
5. Cov Tsev Kawm Ntawv Confessional
Nov yog hom ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv kev cai dab qhuas uas tus menyuam tau txais kev kawm yam tsawg kawg nkaus. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los, cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm hom no tau rais los ua ntau dua.
Niam txiv lawv tus kheej muaj txoj cai los txiav txim siab uas tsev kawm ntawv muab lawv tus menyuam rau. Tab sis nws yuav tsis yooj yim dua los txiav txim siab ua ntej cov kev cai rau tsev kawm ntawv. Dab tsi yog qhov nws tau txais ntau dua? Cov kev cai ntawm kev cob qhia yog dab tsi, kev muaj peev xwm npaum li cas ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm? Lub sijhawm ntawm lub sijhawm (nws yog ib lub tsev nce, ib nrab ntawm cov board lossis ib lub tsev kawm ntawv)? Tus nqi kawm tsawg npaum li cas?
Thaum tuaj tom tsev kawm ntawv, nws yuav zoo dua tsis tuaj ntsib nrog tus thawj coj, tab sis kuj sib txuas lus nrog cov xib fwb. Nws kuj tseem yuav pab tau nrog cov me nyuam uas tab tom kawm thiab, yog tias ua tau, nrog lawv niam lawv txiv. Tab sis feem ntau tseem ceeb - yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm tus me nyuam. Thaum kawg, kawm tau nws, tsis yog koj. Ceev faj txhua qhov zoo thiab cov kev xav ntawm kev kawm rau nyiaj yuav pab koj xaiv qhov yog.
KEV PAB NTAWM TSEV KAWM NTAWV TUS KHEEJ
1. Tus menyuam kawm ntawv yog ib tus neeg siv khoom
Hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv uas tsis yog-xeev, cov tub kawm ntawv raug tshwj xeeb muaj nuj nqis, raws li lawv to taub zoo heev: tus neeg yuav tsum txaus siab. Ntawm no yog cov me nyuam thiab lawv niam lawv txiv tau raug suav nrog. Tsis muaj leej twg xav poob cov qhua tuaj yeem, vim hais tias tus cwj pwm ntawm cov menyuam hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv ntiav tshwj xeeb yog tshwj xeeb. Feem ntau cov xibfwb yeej ua tau zoo dua, mob siab, ua tib zoo saib rau txhua qhov teeb meem ntawm txhua tus, ntau tus neeg mob siab thiab txaus siab muab kev pab ntawm tus menyuam. Ntawm chav kawm, thiab yam uas tsis muaj extremes, nws tsis ua. Hauv qee cov tsev kawm ntawv, cov kev txheeb xyuas tau yog qhov txawv txav, thiaj li ua rau cov niam txiv ntawm tus kheej ntawm cov me nyuam. Cov xwm txheej no feem ntau yog kev cuam tshuam los ntawm niam txiv lawv tus kheej - feem ntau cov neeg nplua nuj. Lawv tau npaj cov xibfwb nyob rau hauv txoj haujlwm "Kuv tabtom quaj rau koj - sim tsis txhob qhia", thiab tom qab ntawd mam li zoo siab rau cov "txiv qaub" kaum hauv cov khoom noj ntawm lawv cov menyuam. Tab sis qhov no tsis tuaj yeem pom tias yog ib qho system. Qhov no tshwm sim ua ntej. Cov niam txiv niaj hnub xav paub txog tus menyuam txoj kev kawm siab. Tam sim no muaj ntau heev tsawg tus neeg uas tsis to taub hais tias tsis muaj qhov no hauv peb lub sij hawm - tam sim no tsis pom qhov twg.
2. Mus kom ze tus kheej
Sib piv yooj yim: hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv hauv nroog 30 tus neeg, hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv ntiav - kaum. Nws yog lub cev yooj yim rau tus xib fwb qhia txhua tus neeg siab tshaj plaws, tsis muaj kev sim rau txhua tus neeg los ntawm ib qho kev ntsuas. Thiab feem ntau tseem ceeb. Tias nyob hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv ntiav koj tus me nyuam tus cwj pwm yuav raug muab xam rau hauv. Piv txwv, koj tus me nyuam qeeb qeeb, lossis, hloov tshiab, tsis tshua muaj siab ntseeg. Nyob rau hauv lub xeev cov tsev kawm ntawv, nws yeej yuav muaj teeb meem ntau: ib txhia tsis muaj sij hawm los daws cov hauj lwm, lwm tus neeg, maj nrawm, ua yuam kev ntau. Ntawm no tsis muaj ib tug delves rau hauv lub crux ntawm qhov teeb meem - reproaches thiab accusations yuav poob rau koj tus me nyuam nrog lawg. Txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub hlwb, dhau mus, tsis muaj leej twg yuav xav txog nws - muaj ntau yam ntawm lawv nyob hauv chav kawm ntawm cov "tshwj xeeb". Koj tsis tuaj yeem nqa nws? Koj qhov teeb meem. Nyob hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv ntiav nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv no, tus kws kho kev puas siab puas yuav ua hauj lwm, thiab cov kws qhia ntawv lawv tus kheej muaj txoj hauv kev zoo rau txhua tus tub ntxhais kawm ntawv, muab lawv cov xwm txheej, cov ntaub ntawv muaj tseeb, xav kawm thiab lwm yam.
Muaj cov menyuam uas raug qhia hauv tsev kawm ntawv ntiav tib yam nkaus xwb. Piv txwv, cov no yog cov me nyuam uas tsis muaj zog hauv kev noj qab haus huv. Lawv pib xav tau kev tshwj xeeb rau lawv tus kheej. Nws tsis zoo tias lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav muab tau nws. Tsuas yog thaum muaj qee qhov "blat" koj tuaj yeem mus koom ib lub rooj sib tham thiab kho tus me nyuam kom zoo dua thiab ua tau zoo. Nws tseem yuav nyuaj rau hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv pej xeem thiab ib tus menyuam yaus. Yog vim li cas yog tib yam - qhov tsis xav txog tus yam ntxwv ntawm tus neeg, tus neeg mus kom ze. Ib lub tsev kawm ntawv ntiav yuav pab tsis tau "bury", tabsis yuav tsim koj tus menyuam lub peev xwm.
3. Yuav luag txhua qhov chaw
Hauv tsev kawm ntawv ntiav, raws li txoj cai, cov cuab yeej yog nyob rau theem siab. Muaj purity, kev nplij siab, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob ntawm txoj kev xav paub txog tus me nyuam. Nws zoo los zaum ntawm lub rooj huv huv hauv chav kawm zoo, noj mov hauv chav noj mov zoo nkauj nrog me ntsis cov ntxhuav, thiab siv cov chav dej huv nrog lub txee rau lwm tus.
4. Lub sij hawm txaus nyiam
Cov tsev kawm ntawv ntiav yuav tsum muaj kev sib txuas nrog cov tsev kawm ntawv zoo sib xws. Li ntawd, koj tus menyuam tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim thiab tsuas yog mus so haujlwm rau Askiv, nyob rau tib lub sijhawm thiab yuav muaj ib lub tsev kawm ntawv. Los yog mus rau Malta, Sweden los yog Denmark. Thiab thaum lub xyoo kawm ntawv lub tsev kawm ntawv npaj kev mus ncig ob sab hauv peb lub teb chaws thiab nyob sab nraud.
Nqe lus nug
Qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv ntiav yog qhov kev kawm tsis pheej yig. Tus nqi hauv Moscow yog txij li 500 mus txog 700 cu. ib hlis twg. Lub rooj tsavxwm, ntawm chav kawm, yog kim tshaj - ntau tshaj 1000 USD. Qhov txawv ntawm qhov txawv ntawm qhov txawv ntawm pob ntawm lwm cov kev pabcuam yog muab los ntawm lwm lub tsev kawm ntawv.
Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm ntau tus niam txiv: qhov twg xws li ib tug frantic nqi? Thiab vim li cas cov txiv neej muaj nyiaj txaus muab lawv cov me nyuam mus rau cov tsev kawm ntawv ntiav, thiab txhua tsav txhua yam yog teeb meem heev? Cov lus teb yog pom tseeb: chav tsev xauj ib feem peb (thiab qee zaum ntau dua) ntawm niam txiv cov nyiaj, tus so mus them nqi hluav taws xob, se thiab cov nyiaj hli rau cov neeg ua haujlwm. Thiab tsis txhob hnov qab tias kev yuav khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv, kho vaj tse, dhau los, tsis txhob tshwm sim los ntawm lawv tus kheej. Yog tias hauv tsoomfwv cov tsev kawm ntawv txhua qhov no siv cov nyiaj txiag, ces txhua tus yuav tsum tau yuav khoom. Yog tias peb xam ntau npaum li cas tus nqi ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntiav yuav muaj - nqe lus nug ntawm tus nqi kawm ntawv siab tsis ntev yuav tshwm sim.
Muaj ob peb yam ntxiv. Txhua 5 xyoo, cov tsev kawm ntawv ntiav yuav raug rov qab tso cai. Qhov ntawd yog, lub tsev kawm ntawv yuav raug kaw tam sim ntawv yog tias daim ntawv tsav tsheb tsis txuas ntxiv. Koj tus menyuam yuav mus ua haujlwm, thiab koj yuav tsum maj nrawm mus nrhiav chaw tshiab los kawm. Txawm hais tias nrog rau cov tsev kawm ntawv uas tau pom tias lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, tej xwm txheej no tsis tshwm sim.
Hauv qee lub tsev kawm xws li "tsev kawm ntawv-vaj" muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm loj ntawm qhov nyiaj hli qis. Cov kws kho mob muaj kev zoo, thiab cov nyiaj hlis qis tshaj hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv. Tom qab ntawd "xib fwb" thiab cov xib fwb "khiav tawm".
Thaum sau npe rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv ntiav, ua tib zoo nyeem daim ntawv cog lus! Qee lub sij hawm koj tuaj yeem xav tsis thoob. Yog li, yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau lub caij so, xws li kev kawm, lossis kev pabcuam ntau tshaj rau kev tiv thaiv, lossis tus nqi them loj nkag, thiab lwmyam. Yog li ntawd, qhov nyiaj them txhua hli tuaj yeem siab tshaj qhov uas tau qhia thawj zaug.
YOG TSIS MUAJ POSSIBILITY
Yog tias koj tsis pom tseeb vim li cas koj thiaj li tsis pub tus me nyuam mus rau ib lub tsev kawm ntawv ntiav, thiab koj xav muab txoj kev qhia zoo, nws muaj lwm txoj hau kev.
Koj tuaj yeem ntiav ib tus neeg pab qhia ntawv rau yam nws xav tau thaum nws nkag mus kawm. Txawm nyob rau hauv XVIII xyoo, nws yog tus qauv rau noblemen mus caw cov xib fwb ntawm cov ntawv nyeem, suab paj nruag, keeb kwm, thiab lwm yam. Rau lawv cov tsev. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, cov neeg qhia ntawv sib txawv. Thiab tsis txhob yuav tub nkeeg heev, vim qhov no yuav nyob ntawm ntau lub neej yav tom ntej. Qhov kev ntsuas zoo tshaj plaws rau kev xaiv yog kev pom zoo ntawm cov phooj ywg thiab cov neeg paub zoo.
Koj tuaj yeem paub tias puas muaj cov hoob kawm hauv koj lub tsev kawm ntawv. Lawv kuj raug hu ua cov chav kawm nrog qhov kev tshawb fawb txog kev kawm, cov chav kawm ntawv, thiab lwm yam. Lawv feem ntau tsim ib qho kev kawm cais. Rau kev kawm zoo nyob rau hauv xws li cov chav kawm, koj tsis tas yuav txhawj - nws yog soj ntsuam los ntawm cov koom haum siab dua. Cov xib fwb hauv cov chav kawm no xav kom lawv cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv muaj kev paub ntau.
CHOICE - RAU KOJ
Yam kev kawm zoo dua li cas: tsoom los yog pej xeem? Lo lus nug no yuav tsis zoo rau leej twg koj yuav twv yuav raug teb. Tom qab tag nrho, ob leeg muaj thiab muaj lawv cov pros thiab cons. Koj tsuas yog muaj los sib piv thiab ua rau koj xaiv. Tej zaum nws yog ib lub tsev kawm ntawv uas tsis zoo nyob ze ntawm lub tsev tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw ua si hauv lub nroog. Thiab lawv ua haujlwm zoo, cov xibfwb uas muaj nplooj siab dawb, uas muaj peev xwm siv lawv tus kheej nkaus rau qhov teebmeem. Thiab lawv yuav muaj peev xwm muab koj tus menyuam tsis pub tsawg dua (thiab ntau tshaj) dua li cov kws tshwj xeeb.
Tab sis kuj rau cov tsev kawm ntawv uas tsis yog-xeev yuav tsum tsis txhob ceev faj. Nws tsis yog ib yam dab tsi tshiab, nws tsuas yog ib tug zoo-nco qab laus qub. Tom qab tag nrho, nyob rau hauv Petus Kuv, cov tsev kawm ntawv ntiav cov tub thiab ntxhais pib qhib.
Tiam sis peb tiam no muaj kev xaiv. Thiab nws zoo. Tom qab tag nrho, nws zoo dua xav txog ib ntu uas yuav pub koj tus menyuam rau kev cob qhia tshaj qhov nws coj mus rau thawj lub tsev kawm ntawv uas tau tuaj rau ntawm qhov chaw nyob.