Lub paj ntawm cov nroj tsuag muaj ntau yam ntawm cov xim - los ntawm dawb mus rau tsaus xiav. Perianth tuaj yeem yog tubular, cylindrical los yog phom-zoo li. Nws muaj rau cov ntaub ntawv fused rau fused, cov npoo ntawm uas yog me ntsis nyom. Lub paj yog sau nyob rau hauv ib qho kev inflorescence txhuam (2-8 cm nyob rau hauv ntev), nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab muaj ib tug pleasant aroma. Rau lub stamens, fused nrog perianth, yog teem nyob rau hauv 2 kab. Pestle muaj 3-kab noj qe menyuam, ib qho luv luv xov zoo li thiab ib qho kev sib thoob 3-ntse. Txiv hmab txiv ntoo - ib lub thawv.
Nws lub npe yog lub paj daj ntawm cov muscari, kev saib xyuas rau cov uas tau piav qhia hauv qab no, tau txais rau ib qho paj ntawm paj, zoo ib yam li tsis hnov tsw ntawm musk. Lawv loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub steppes, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv qhib slopes ntawm lub roob, nyob rau fringes thiab alpine meadows. Faib nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam steppe thiab Mediterranean ntawm teb chaws Europe, North Africa, Asia. Tus cwj pwm muaj ntau tshaj 60 hom, kwv yees li 20 ntawm kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm cov qub USSR.
Feem ntau cov tsiaj yog hniav, ua tsaug rau lawv cov ci inflorescences thiab ntxiag tsis hnov tsw.
Hom
Qhov nrov tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov-thaj av ntawm paj ntoo yog Muscari Armenian (Latin Muscari armeniacum), los yog Muskari Colchic (Latin M. colchicum). Tus nroj tsuag ncav ib qhov siab ntawm 13-20 cm Nws nplooj yog siv-puab, nqaim, sib sau ua ib rosette rosette. Me me paj yog thoob-zoo li, heev fragrant. Lawv tuaj yeem ua dawb, xim xiav lossis xim tawv ntoo, sau rau hauv qhov txhuam cov npluag, qee zaum muaj lub ntsej muag ntawm lub pob saum toj kawg nkaus ntawm lub peduncle. Lub paj khov yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev, muaj peev xwm ncav cuag qhov ntev ntawm 20 cm. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, hom no loj hlob nyob rau hauv Plains ntawm Transcaucasia thiab nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob ntawm Qaib Cov Txwv.
Muscaria yog lub qhov cub ua ke (Latin M. botryoides). Inflorescences ntawm no hom yog chim-puab, dawb cov hniav thiab liab hue. Peduncles tsis siab li Muskari Armenian, hais txog 12 cm siab Ob daim ntawv sau qoob loo Muscari muaj xws li: f. album thiab f. carneum, txawv cov xim dawb thiab liab dawb ntawm paj, feem. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, tus tsiaj hlob nyob rau hauv yav qab teb thiab Central Europe; prefers meadows thiab roob slopes.
Npag yog racemose (Latin M. racemosum). Qhov no yog hom pib los ntawm ntev nqaim nplooj, ib tug tsawg peduncle (9-12 cm), flowering duration ntawm 20-30 hnub. Cov paj muaj xiav-ntshav los yog xim xiav tob. Nyob rau hauv lub qhov, no tsiaj yog ntau nyob rau hauv Crimea, nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam yav qab teb ntawm European Russia, Western Transcaucasia, lub Mediterranean thiab Central Europe.
Muscari crested (Latin M. comosum). Ib tug tshwj xeeb hom ntawm muscari nrog ib tug multi-flowered, xoob txhuam. Paj muaj xim xiav-violet. Nyob rau hauv lub qhov, qhov no cog hlob nyob rau hauv North Africa, South-West Asia thiab yav qab teb chaws Europe.
Paj Muscari: kev saib xyuas
Teeb pom kev zoo. Muscari paj hlob zoo ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv lub hnub thiab nyob rau hauv lub penumbra. Lawv unpretentious, yog li ntawd nws tsis yog nyuaj rau tu lawv. Lub caij ntuj no-hardy, tab sis tsis txhob cia qis thaj chaw, txij li cov nroj tsuag tsis nyiam ntev stagnation ntawm dej. Rau cov av yog undemanding, txawm li ntawd los, nrog ib tug zoo av nyob tus yeees, loj qhov muag teev thiab txaus peev xwm inflorescences tsim ib sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws. Muscari prefers organic chiv. Piv txwv li, nws yog pom zoo kom ua compost thiab humus nyob rau hauv cov av thaum lub sij hawm kev khawb hauv lub xam ntawm 5 kg ib 1m 2. Thaum lub sij hawm flowering, muscari yuav tsum tau ntau ntawm noo noo, thiab nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm so, on qhov tsis tooj, nyiam yog muab rau qhuav cua.
Luam. Cov paj daj no muab tsim los ntawm noob nplooj. Lawv yuav tsum tau cog rau ntawm qhov tob ntawm 7-8 cm thiab ntawm ib tug nyob deb li 10 cm ntawm txhua lwm. Lub hloov yuav tsum tau nqa tawm tsuas yog tom qab 5-7 xyoo. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm luam los ntawm cov noob, lawv yuav tsum tau sowed sai li sai tau tom qab harvesting, pub kom lawv sai poob lawv germination. Noob yog me, dub, kheej, ntsws. Nco ntsoov hais tias muscari tau vam meej nws tus kheej-sowing. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv peb lub xyoo lub seedlings yuav blossom.
Muscari yog dav siv ua ib tsob nroj ornamental, dai rau lawv nrog lawns, curbs thiab alpine toj. Feem ntau lawv cog rau hauv cov ntawv loj loj.
Siv tshuab hluav taws xob. Rau kev tshem tawm, Muskari Armenian yog siv, qee zaus Muscari yog ib lub pob zeb zoo nkauj thiab dav-leaved. Lub noob qes loj me ntsis raws li qhov ntev ntawm 6 cm Cov nroj tsuag cog rau ntawm 20-25 ° C, pib txij thaum Lub Kaum Hli Ntuj, qhov ntsuas kub raug txo mus txog 17 ° C. Chav tsev zoo yuav tsum tau siv. Cov khoom yuav tsum tau disinfected ua ntej cog. Kev cog qoob loo raug pom zoo rau hauv ntub, tab sis drained av nyob rau hauv cov lus hauv qab no: thaum xaus ntawm lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj-Kaum Ib Hlis. Lub acidity ntawm cov av yuav tsum yog nruab nrab. Tom qab cog, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los rau cov khoom zoo thiab ces cia nws nyob rau hauv sim humidity. Kub regime: 9 0 C rau tsib lub lim tiam rau rooting, 5 0 C rau 11-12 lub lis piam. Yog hais tias nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ncua sij hawm rooting, ces txo qhov kub kom 1-2 ° C. Muscari blossoms peb lub lis piam tom qab qhov kub tau nce mus rau 13-15 ° C.