Dib ntau yam thiab nws cov hybrids yog txawv tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv loj thiab cov duab. Tam sim no ob kws tub txawg thiab amateurs muaj ib qho kev xaiv loj loj, uas yog tsis xam ntawm kaum, tab sis los ntawm 175,000 hom. Yuav tsum ua dab tsi thaum xaiv ntau yam? Ua ntej, los ntawm no ntau hom, koj yuav tsum xaiv cov uas tsim nyog rau koj cheeb tsam chaw nyob thiab kev nyab xeeb. Yog tias koj xaiv qhov ntau yam kom raug, ces lub dib yuav tiv thaiv rau cov kab mob nroj tsuag, ntau hauv koj thaj av, thiab cov huab cua puag. Separate zaub xam lav ntau yam los ntawm ntau yam rau canning. Paub hais tias thaum ntxov ntau yam tawm los ntawm cov qoob loo sai, lig lig yog resistant mus rau cov kab mob thiab ntev fruiting. Qhov tseem ceeb kuj yog li cas lub dib yog pollinated - los ntawm kab los yog los ntawm nws tus kheej-pollination.
Yuav ua li cas xaiv qhov zoo ntawm ogrica? Nyob rau hauv dav dav, ntau yam ntawm cucumbers tau muab faib ua cov nyob kas poom, zaub xam lav thiab universal. Thaum xaiv ntau yam, koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab lub hom phiaj uas koj loj hlob cucumbers, thiab xaiv ntau yam, raws li koj lub hom phiaj.
Ib co piv txwv ntawm nrov cov kaus poom ntau yam thiab cov hybrids: Avant-garde, Asterix, Brigantine, Tseeb phooj ywg, Aquarius, Vyaznikovsky 37, Salting, Competitor, Mig, Txhim khu, Lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, Favorit.
Ib co piv txwv ntawm nrov zaub xam lav ntau yam thiab hybrids: Adas, Vladivostok 155, Parade, Rusty hauv zos, Synthesis.
Ib co piv txwv ntawm nrov universal ntau yam thiab cov sib xyaw ua ke: Stork, Blagodatny, Golubchik, Druzhina, Kev sib haum xeeb, Khoom, Levin, Marinda, Pasamonte, Seversky, Nightingale, Ussuriyskiy 3, Photon, Epilogue.
Los ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm ripening thiab los ntawm lub sij hawm, qos nplooj yuav muab faib ua pawg:
1. Thaum ntxov ripening - ntau yam uas zus nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av thiab sai sai sung - los ntawm tua mus rau thawj txiv hmab txiv ntoo siv txog li 45 hnub. Nyob rau hauv Feem ntau nws yog zaub xam lav dib.
2. Mid-ripening - mus txog thawj txiv hmab txiv ntoo-zaub ntsuab yuav siv txog li 50 hnub. Cov no yog cucumbers ntawm universal thiab cov kaus poom ntau yam.
3. Lub caij nyoog-rhaug dej - ntau tshaj 50 hnub. Cov no yog cov tseem cucumbers ntawm universal thiab cov kaus poom ntau yam.
Qhov feem ntau ntxoov ntxoo-siab ntev yog ntxov-ripened cucumbers. Lawv zoo tshaj plaws sown los ntawm nruab nrab ntawm Lub Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev, illuminated nrog ib lub teeb. Thiab tsis muaj teeb - ntawm nruab nrab ntawm Lub ob hlis ntuj. Qhov feem ntau delicious ntawm thaum ntxov ripening cucumbers F1 hybrids: Taiga, Marathon, Manuel.
Txawv ntau hom thiab cov hybrids ntawm ib qho ntawm cov pab pawg sib txawv hauv lawv lub tsho "tsho" thiab qhov tsos nyob ntawm seb qhov twg ntau yam los ntawm. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Central Asia, tus cucumbers zoo nrov, lawv ntev yog 15-20 cm, xim yog tsaus ntsuab. Nyob rau hauv Suav teb thiab Nyiv, ntev cucumbers 60-80 cm nyob rau hauv loj, uas them nrog sib sib zog nqus furrows thiab tubercles, yog nrov heev. Thiab nyob rau hauv Western Europe, lawv xav me me cucumbers 7-10 cm ntev nrog me me spines thiab tubercles. Kuj yog cov me me cucumbers nrog "Dutch tsho", uas muaj tsawg nruab nrab tubercles nrog spines. Nyob rau sab Europe thiab Lavxias teb sab, cucumbers nrog "Lavxias teb sab tsho" yog cov nto moo heev - cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm nruab nrab ntev nrog qee zaus hillocks thiab lub teeb ntsuab lossis kab txaij tom kawg (Ustyug, Gypsy, Murashka, Valdai, Slobodskaya). Cov cucumbers no zoo heev salting, vim hais tias Vim lub tsawg tubercles lub brine nkag lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntau evenly.
Lub plab menyuam yaus kuj tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv. Txawj xeeb thorns xim av, dub, dawb.
Txiv hmab txiv ntoo nrog dawb pos - zaub xam lav hom thiab lawv tsis haum rau pickling. Los ntawm tsev cog khoom teb rau peb ntawm lub rhawv tuaj feem ntau tsuas yog xws li cucumbers, tsis hais lub caij. Tshaj dawb spines yuav pom txawm ntawm ntev daus cucumbers.
Xim av thiab xim dub nthuav qhia cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm hom av. Yeej, cov no yog cov ntau yam thiab hybrids npaj rau greenhouses thiab qhib hauv av. Xws li cucumbers yog cov zoo noj tshiab, pickle thiab salted. Lawv tsuas yog cov tsis pom kev yog tias lawv overreview sai dua, ua ntxhib thiab tig daj tshaj cucumbers nrog dawb pos.
Lwm qhov qauv thaum xaiv ntau hom cucumbers yog ib pob ntawm cov zes qe menyuam. Thaum cov qos ripen nyob rau hauv lub bunches, lawv tsis outgrow. Xws li cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo zoo rau marinating thiab pickling (Arina, Cov Phoojywg Tiag, Tus Tsiaj Pluas Tshais, Moscow Nights, thiab lwm yam).
Niaj hnub no F1 hybrids ua qhov ntau thiab nrov dua. Lawv tau los ntawm kev hla kab ob kab. Muaj ntau ntawm cov no hybrids yog high-yielding thiab thaum ntxov nroj tsuag, feem ntau yooj yim ntawm lawv cov paj yog tog self-pollinated los yog poj niam (i.e., yam uas tsis muaj grafts). Hybrids muab ib tug zoo dua sau. Txawm tias thaum lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm no hybrid overripe, lawv yog cov devoid ntawm ib tug saj saj. Tom ntej no, qee lub koob ntawm F1 series tau qhia, uas tau muaj pov thawj pom lawv tus kheej zoo thaum loj hlob tsis yog los ntawm cov tub txawg ntawm cov liaj teb, tab sis tseem nyob ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam, cov cottages thiab chav ua noj:
Cov phooj ywg tseeb (universal hom), Okhotny Ryad (universal hom), Bobrik (hom zaub xam lav), Uglich (zaub xam lav hom), Ustug (universal hom), Shchedrik (zaub xam lav hom), Murashka (universal hom), Titus (universal hom) Julian (nyias hom), Vladko (universal hom), Anulka (zaub xam lav hom), Andrus (hom av), Sander (zaub xam lav hom).
Yog hais tias koj xaiv ib qho parthenocarpic ntau yam ntawm cucumbers (nrog ib tug poj niam hom ntawm flowering), cog ib pollinator rau nws, pub kom lub flowering yuav xauv npo, tab sis yuav muaj ob peb txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, parthenocarpy ntau yam yog feem ntau zus nyob rau hauv zaj duab xis tsev thiab greenhouses. Yog hais tias lawv yog pollinated by bees, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yuav twisted. Yog li ntawd tsis txhob loj hlob xws li ntau yam nyob rau hauv qhib tua, tshwj tsis yog tias lawv yog haum rau qhov no.
Thiab nco ntsoov hais tias cucumbers yog thermophilic, thiab lawv muaj peev xwm yuav cog nyob rau hauv qhib hauv av tsuas yog thaum tsis muaj kev hem thawj ntawm Frost.