Kev cais ntawm cov lag ntseg rau nws cov laj thawj:
- Genetic (50%). Hauv li ntawm 70% ntawm tus neeg mob tsis muaj mob syndrome (uas yog, qhov hnov lus xwb yog tawg). Hauv seem ntawm 30% ntawm tus neeg mob, lwm yam organic thiab hnov plhom thiab cov syndromes muaj feem xyuam nrog lag ntseg (Asher, Alport, Waardenburg, thiab lwm yam).
- Non-genetic (50%) Cov kab mob hauv lub cev (xws li rubella). Cov kev mob toxic ntawm cov tshuaj muaj yees (xws li, tshuaj tua kab mob, aminoglycosides). Kev puas tsuaj rau lub pob ntseg. Kab mob kab mob.
Kev cais ntawm kev lag ntseg thiab tsis hnov lus
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub qhov txawv ntawm qhov lag ntseg thiab tsis hnov lus zoo uas tshwm sim nyob rau ntawm lub suab nrov nrov, ntsuas hauv cov suab seev.
- Ua lag ntseg tiav: thaum pib ntawm kev nrov nrov tshaj li ntawm 85 decibels.
- Hnov tsis hnov lus: 60-85 decibels.
- Bradyacuity ntawm medium kawm: 40-60 decibels.
- Lag ntseg ntawm yooj yim degree: 25-40 decibels.
Hauv ob lub xeem, tus neeg muaj lub sijhawm los hais lus, tab sis nws muaj teeb meem nrog kev hais lus thiab lus Askiv. Cov menyuam muaj teebmeem hauv kev lag ntseg muaj teeb meem kev sib cev lus, vim lawv tsis siv hais lus (lag ntseg hais lus). Yog li, nws nyuaj rau lawv sib txuas lus nrog lwm tus. Qhov nyuab dua qhov kev sib hais yog, qhov feem ntau nws yuav tsum ruam. Tab sis, txawm tias qhov no, nrog txoj kev tsim kho ntawm tus lag ntseg-hais lus, tus me nyuam yeej muaj peev xwm tsim tau txhua zaus. Cov kev hnov lus tsis zoo yog nyob ntawm thaum lawv pom - ua ntej tus menyuam kawm nyeem thiab sau ntawv, lossis tom qab. Yog tias tus me nyuam tsis muaj kev txawj hais lus, nws nyob hauv tib txoj hauj lwm raws li tus me nyuam tau lag ntseg; yog cov kev ua txhaum tom qab ntawd, lawv yuav tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam. Yog li ntawd, lub luag hauj lwm tseem ceeb yog lub sij hawm ntawm kev lag ntseg thiab kev kho mob pib: kev tsim kho thaum ntxov, kev hnov lus, kev nyeem cov lus piav tes, kev nyeem ntawv, kev kho mob lossis kev phais mob (kws kho mob, kev kawm tshuaj, thiab lwm yam) los ntawm cov kws tshwj xeeb. Lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txhawb tus me nyuam muaj qhov tsis hnov lus zoo yog qhia nws kom sib txuas lus nrog lwm tus thiab paub nws lub peev xwm. Thaum xub thawj, qhov tseem ceeb yog muab tso rau ntawm lub cev muaj zog thiab lub cev muaj peev xwm: qhov muag, kov thiab suab, yog tias ua tau. Koj tuaj yeem rub tus menyuam kom paub txog kev vibration uas tau hnov thaum kov (piv txwv li, lub vibration ntawm lub kas fes, lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws, lub suab qis, lub tshuab nqus tsev, thiab lwm yam). Thaum sib tham, ib tus menyuam lag ntseg yuav tsum tig mus ntsib tus neeg ntawd kom nws nyeem nws cov lus ntawm daim di ncauj. Cov niam txiv yuav tsum tsis txhob ua tus saib xyuas tus me nyuam los yog, tsis raws cai, tsis txhob cia nws - nrog tus me nyuam nws yuav tsum tham, hu nkauj, ua si, tsis txhob xav txog qhov tseeb tias nws tsis hnov dab tsi.
Nrog rau qhov tsis hnov lus tsis zoo, yuav ua rau tus neeg muaj mob tsis zoo thiab muaj teeb meem nrog kev loj hlob siab. Tus menyuam lag ntseg yog tus tsis mloog lus, nws tswj tsis tau nws txoj kev xav. Nws tuaj yeem ua neeg nruj, phem, poob rau kev nyuaj siab thaum nws tsis ua tiav nws. Tuaj nrog cov xwm txheej uas nws tswj tsis tau, xws li tus me nyuam kaw nws tus kheej, nres nrog qhov chaw uas nws xav tias tsis xis nyob. Kev hnov lus tsis zoo rau nws los ntawm kev nkag siab txog cov lus piav qhia hauv tsev kawm ntawv thiab tom tsev. Tag nrho cov teeb meem no yuav tsis zoo rau tus xeeb ceem, cov neeg laus yuav tsum coj lawv mus rau hauv tus account, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum sim los kho cov teeb meem ntawm tus cwj pwm. Nws raug nquahu kom hu rau ib tus kws kho kev puas hlwb kom daws tau cov teeb meem kev xav ntawm ib tus menyuam lag ntseg thiab txhawm rau paub txog nws cov txheeb ze. Cov niam txiv yuav tsum pab tus menyuam kom ntau li ntau tau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv tsev kawm ntawv, tiam sis tsis nco qab txog kev xav tau ntawm lwm tus hauv tsev neeg, tshwj xeeb yog cov me nyuam. Kev mob siab, kev sib luag thiab kev coj tus cwj pwm zoo muaj nuj nqis: ua tsaug rau lawv, nws muaj peev xwm los tsim kom tau ib qho chaw zoo rau ib tse neeg thiab muaj kev thaj yeeb rau tus menyuam lag ntseg. Tam sim no peb paub uas xaiv cov kev kho mob ntawm kev tsis hnov lus ntawm cov menyuam yaus.