Genus Cyclamen muaj txog tsib caug hom nroj tsuag uas muaj rau tsev neeg ntawm primrose. Qhov chaw uas lawv nrhiav tau yog Central Europe, thiab As Thiaj Muaj Neeg Esxias. Cyclamen yog ib lub herbaceous nroj tsuag, nyob ntev xyoo, muaj ib tug tuberous paus, uas yog me ntsis thickened. Yoojyim nyob rau hauv nws yog radical, nrog ntev cuttings, puag ncig-lobed, ntsuab. Cov paj no nyob rau ntawm cov peduncles ntev, thiab muaj ib tsos mob me ntsis.
Muaj ib qho kev xav tias lub tsev cog cyclamen nyuaj nyuaj rau sab hauv tsev, tab sis nws nyob deb ntawm qhov tseeb. Yog hais tias nws yog zus raws li tag nrho cov kev cai, nws yuav thov tus neeg cog khoom rau ib lub sij hawm ntev heev. Cov teeb meem tshwm sim tuaj yeem tshwm sim nrog cov xim uas tau muag hauv khw.
Kev saib xyuas ntawm cov nroj tsuag.
Teeb pom kev zoo. Rau tag nrho cov kev hlub ntawm no nroj tsuag rau lub teeb, lawv tsis hloov lub hnub lub rays qhia ntawm lawv. Yog tias peb tham txog lub ntiaj teb, ces lawv zoo tshaj nyob rau sab hnub poob thiab sab hnub tuaj.
Kub regime. Yog hais tias peb tham txog kev mob siab rau kev loj hlob zoo li qub thiab flowering, ces lawv tuaj yeem faib ua lub caij ntuj sov thiab lub caij ntuj no. Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov, nws yog ntshaw kom muab tso rau hauv ib chav tsev nrog lub ntsuas kub ntawm + 18-25 C, thiab nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no nws yuav tsum yog ib lub ci thiab txias chav nrog kub ntawm + 10C, tiam sis tsis siab tshaj + 12-14 C.
Watering. Thaum no qhob cij blooms, nws yuav tsum tau ywg dej kom ntau los yog mob pes tsawg. Tsis txhob cia dej los yog ntuav cov av. Qhov dej huv rau dej yog qhov zoo thiab khaws muag. Raws li rau watering, nws yuav tsum ua kom zoo zoo, nrog rau ntawm ntug ntawm lub lauj kaub; Tsis txhob cia dej los nkag cov buds thiab tubers ntawm cov nroj tsuag. Yog li, koj tuaj yeem tau dej thiab los ntawm ib lub pallet. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov nroj tsuag tsis muaj peev xwm tuag yog hais tias dej nkag hauv qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nroj tsuag, txij thaum tuber tau rot. Yog tias peb tham txog dej kub, ces nws yuav tsum yog ob peb degrees dua qhov ntsuas kub hauv chav. Tom qab dej, tom qab ib teev los yog ob, cov dej los ntawm lub lauj kaub, yog hais tias nws muaj, yuav tsum tau drained, txwv tsis pub lub keeb kwm yuav pib rot. Tom qab cov nroj tsuag yuav ploj mus, qhov zaus ntawm dej yuav pib tau txo, thiab los ntawm lub caij ntuj sov, nws yog tsis tiav watered thaum nplooj nplooj daj thiab qhuav li.
Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm tsos ntawm buds yog tuaj, lub cyclamen nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau mus rau sprayed. Thiab tom qab lawv pom, txau tawm los tiv thaiv lawv cov rotting. Yog tias koj xav tau kom cov av qis ntxiv, tom qab ntawd ces hauv lub pallet koj tuaj yeem muab ntub dej los yog nthuav av nplaum (pebbles kuj haum). Tab sis nco ntsoov tias hauv qab yuav tsum tsis txhob kov cov dej. Cov dej nag yuav ntau dua, tiam sis koj tuaj yeem siv tau lim, dej teev.
Sab saum toj hnav khaub ncaws. Thaum foliage pib tshwm rau ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tiam sis tseem tsis muaj flowering, cov nroj tsuag yuav tsum tau pub nrog pob zeb hauv av fertilizer; zaus ntawm fertilizing - txhua 2 lub lim tiam. Cyclamens hlub cov organic chiv. Thiab nrog nitrogen chiv, koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj, koj tsis tau ntxiv lawv nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau, vim hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm tig paus tubers.
Flowering. Cyclamen yog ib tsob nroj uas hlob txog 10-15 xyoo thiab txhua txhua xyoo txog 70 lub paj yuav tuaj yeem tshwm rau nws. Cov paj uas muaj faded thiab faded, ntxuav nrog ib pedicel. Thaum twg ib tsob nroj twb pib qhuav, i.e. nws yuav ploj thiab nplooj tig daj, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tau rub lawv tawm ntawm lub hauv paus (tab sis tsis txiav tawm). Tom qab qhov chaw rupture sprinkle ntau cov hmoov ntawm charcoal.
Luam. Luam ntawm cyclamen yog heev nyuaj nyob hauv tsev. Feem ntau propagate by dividing lub tuber. Muaj ib hom kev hloov ntawm cov noob thiab cov noob, tab sis qhov no yog ib txoj hauv kev ntev heev.
Yuav kom tau tag nrho cov noob ntawm lub tsev, ces khoom neeg tsim pollination (zoo dua Cross) yog tsim nyog. Koj yuav tsum coj tus txhuam hniav, siv nws los noj cov paj ntoos ntawm ib tsob nroj thiab tso nws rau ntawm lwm cov nroj tsuag. Nws yuav zoo rau noj cyclamen nyob rau lub sij hawm no nrog phosphorus-potassium fertilizer.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub sij hawm rau sowing yog lub yim hli ntuj, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov no nroj tsuag muaj ib tug so lub sij hawm.
Ua ntej sowing, cov noob qee zaus nchuav nrog kua qab zib (5%) thiab noj cov noob uas tau poob mus rau hauv qab; cov noob uas muaj surfaced tsis haum. Qee lub sij hawm lub noob yog soaked nyob rau hauv ib qho kev daws ntawm zircon.
Rau cov substrate, cov khoom xyaw rau lub cev muaj zog. Ib tug sib tov ntawm nplooj ntoos av thiab peat, nyob rau hauv ib tug ratio ntawm ib mus rau ib tug, los yog peat thiab vermiculite, yuav tsim nyob rau tib lub ratio.
Lub substrate yog moistened, ces lub noob yog pw tawm on nws saum npoo thiab sprinkled nrog ib tug txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb 0.5-1 cm tuab. Cov noob tsis tau lub teeb, vim hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm yuav them nrog ib zaj duab xis uas tsis emit lub teeb. Qhov kub zoo tshaj plaws rau lawv yog txog + 20C, ntawm qhov kub saum toj no lub noob yuav "tsaug zog" thiab cov kab txiav yuav tsum nres. Qhov kub tsis mus kom ze thiab hauv qab + 18 teev, li cov noob yuav tawg. Tsis txhob hnov qab saib xyuas cov dej noo ntawm cov av, thiab ib ntus nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov cua nkag nrog cov noob.
Cov txheej txheem siv sij hawm thaum ntsuas sov siab yog ib lub hlis xwb. Tom qab germination, zaj duab xis yog muab tshem tawm los ntawm qhov saum npoo, thiab lub thawv yog muab tso rau hauv ib qho chaw uas zoo-zes, tab sis tsis muaj lub hnub. Lub ntsuas kub yuav tsum qis dua, txog + 15-17St.
Tom qab cov tsos ntawm nodules nrog 2-3 nplooj nyob rau hauv lub seedlings, thiab nws feem ntau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Lub Kaum Ob Hlis, lawv muab tso rau hauv ib lub lauj kaub, qhov twg muaj daim ntawv ntiaj teb (2 qhov chaw), peat (1 feem) thiab xuab zeb (0.5 ib feem). Nodules yuav tsum tau them nrog lub ntiaj teb (cov laus tsis tas yuav ua qhov no). Tom qab transplanting nyob rau hauv ib tug tshiab tov, tom qab txog ib lub lim tiam, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los ntxiv ib fertilizer, uas yuav tsum tau diluted los ntawm ib nrab. Ib tug 0.2% ntawm ammonium sulphite (2 grams ib liter) yuav haum, thiab tom qab 0.1 hnub ntxiv 0.1% poov tshuaj nitrate.
Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav lub seedlings yog twb transplanted mus rau cais cais pots.
Cov cog qoob loo ntawm cov noob yuav tawg tom qab cog hauv 14 lub hlis.
Cov cwj pwm.
Cyclamen, thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws cov hom - cyclamen Persian, muaj tshuaj lom neeg. Cov ntsiab lus loj tshaj plaws ntawm nws nyob rau hauv tubers. Qhov tshuaj lom no tuaj yeem ua rau ntuav, raws plab, los yog thim rau.
Kev nyuaj ntawm kev saib xyuas.
Cov nroj tsuag yuav tawm tsam los ntawm ib tug weevil grape. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws cov stems yuav ua txhaum thiab tuag. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau mus tas li xyuas hauv av rau muaj cov xim-xim larvae, nrog xim av hau.
Yog hais tias lub chav tsev siab dhau heev lawm, thiab qhov kub tsis siab heev, tom qab ntawd lub paj thiab cov kab plaub feem ntau tshwm ntsej muag grey txiv hmab txiv ntoo nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm sprouting.
Ntxiv nrog rau weevil, cov nroj tsuag yog raug puas los ntawm ib tug cyclamen mite. Yoojyim rau qhov hloov ntawm no - deform, lossis tsis loj hlob; Cov paj pib pib ploj, buds thiab peduncles crinkle. Yog hais tias cov nroj tsuag kis nrog ib tug zuam, ces nws yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg, vim nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom tau tshem ntawm zuam.
Cyclamen tsis zoo rau cov cua sov, yog li qhov kub saum toj no + 17C, thaum huab cua sov thiab sov, nplooj nplooj daj thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg thiab cov nroj tsuag yuav ploj mus. Tib yam li no yuav tshwm sim yog tias nws tsis txaus rau dej tsob ntoo thiab nws yuav sawv ntsug hauv cov hnub ci ncaj.