Rau kev tshem tawm cov kab xeb, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub cov khoom ntawm cov khoom uas lawv tsim. Yog hais tias tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom tsis paub, los ntawm cov quav los yog seam ntawm cov khaub ncaws puas, txiav ib qho me me thiab kuaj xyuas nws. Ntawm no daim ntawm cov khoom siv, koj tuaj yeem ua rau tib lub xeb qhov kev kuaj xyuas qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov kev tshem tawm tawm. Xws li txoj kev tshawb no yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb yog tias cov ntaub ntawv muaj xim. Yog hais tias lub dye proves yuav tsis ruaj tsis khov rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov reagents siv, tom qab tshem lub pes, traces nyob, uas yog feem ntau txawm tshaj qhov qub tshaj rau cov xeb xo lawv tus kheej.
Yuav kom tshem tawm stains ntawm xeb ua rau ntawm cov ntaub, kua stain removers yog tsim, feem ntau yog ntawm acetic thiab oxalic acid. Ua hauj lwm nrog cov nyiaj no tsuas yog siv cov hnab looj tes rub tawm xwb, yuav tsum siv lub tshuab txav tawm ntawm lub hnab rwb, tom qab uas tshem cov xeb, cov ntaub so ntswg yog ntxuav nrog dej sov.
Tam sim no peb muab los xav txog cov tswv yim yuav ua li cas tshem tawm cov xim xeb, yog tsis muaj kev npaj tshwj xeeb.
Freshly squeezed txiv qaub kua txiv
Moistered nrog txiv qaub kua txiv, thaj tsam ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg puas yuav tsum tau ironed los ntawm kub kub, ces so dua nrog paj rwb swab dipped nyob rau hauv cov kua txiv qaub thiab yaug thaj tsam nrog dej sov.
Acetic, oxalic acid
1 teaspoon ntawm ib qho ntawm cov acids rau dilute nyob rau hauv ib lub khob ntawm dej thiab cua sov yuav luag mus rau ib tug boil. Cov ntaub qhwv nrog ib lub cev sai txo qis rau cov kua qab thiab muab yaug nrog cov dej nrog qhov sib ntxiv ntawm ib lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm cov tshij los yog ammonia. Yog tias cov xeb qub tsis raug tshem tawm thawj zaug, rov ua dua txheej txheem ob peb zaug.
Hydrochloric acid
Cov khoom uas muaj xeb xem yuav raug poob rau hauv 2% ntawm hydrochloric acid thiab tuav kom txog txij thaum lub cev tawm los. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom yuav tsum tau kom huv si rinsed, ntxiv ammonia mus rau dej (1 liter dej - 3 tablespoons ammonia).
Oxalic acid thiab potassium carbonate
Lub pas xeb kuj tuaj yeem raug muab tshem tawm nrog cov tshuaj oxalic acid (2 dia) nrog potassium carbonate (1 tablespoon) ib khob dej. Los npaj lub sib tov, lub acid thiab poov tshuaj carbonate yuav tsum tau muab sib cais, txhua txhua muaj nyob rau hauv 100 ml ntawm dej, thiab ces sib tov lub ntsiab daws. Instead of potassium carbonate, dej qab zib (sodium carbonate) kuj tsim nyog, tab sis koj yuav tau siv ntau cov dej los npaj qhov kev daws thiab qhov kev tshem tawm xeb tsuas yuav tsis zoo. Lub qhov nqaij ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg puas raug kho nrog paj rwb, tom qab uas cov ntaub so ntswg yuav tsum tau muab yaug.
Txiv qaub
Koj muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov pes tsawg ntawm xeb nrog ib piece ntawm txiv qaub, qhwv hauv gauze. Nws yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv thaj chaw ua haujlwm thiab nias nrog kub hlau. Yog hais tias cov ntaub npuag puas dawb, ces tom qab kho tas, cov xim yuav tsum tau moistened nrog hydrogen peroxide lossis rub nws nyob hauv ib tus neeg qhuav. Tom qab 5-10 feeb, cov ntaub so ntswg yuav yaug.
Tartaric acid thiab lub rooj ntsev
Yuav tshem tawm lub pes tsawg, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los npaj ib tug sib tov ntawm tartaric acid thiab lub rooj ntsev (1: 1), sib tov nws nrog dej, npaj lub slurry mus thov rau ib tug rusty pes. Tom qab ntawd cov ntaub ntawv raug pom zoo yuav tsum tau rub tawm ntawm ib yam khoom thiab muab tso rau hauv lub hnub kom txog thaum lub chaw tawm tag nrho. Tom ntej no, cov khoom yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj yaug hauv dej txias, tom qab ntxuav hauv dej sov, siv xab npum thiab yaug kom zoo dua.
Hyposulfite
Los npaj qhov kev daws, siv 15 gram ntawm hyposulfite ib khob dej, sib tov, sov li ntawm 65 ° C. Nyob rau hauv cov kua ua tau zoo, koj yuav tsum tau txo cov ntaub ntawm cov xim, tuav nws kom txog thaum lub stain disappears, ces yaug thawj sov, ces - nrog dej txias.
Yuav ua li cas tawm ib xeb xaim los ntawm ib daig ntaub tuaj
Cov ntaub ntawv saum toj no tau tshem cov kab xeb yog tsim rau cov ntaub dawb thiab tsis siv rau cov ntaub ntawv dawb. Nrog rau ib daim ntaub tuaj, xim xeb yuav raug tshem tawm nrog xab npum, glycerin thiab dej (1: 1: 1). Qhov sib tov sib xyaw npaj txhij yuav tsum tau muab pov tseg rau ntawm thaj chaw kho mob, thiab tom qab ib hnub twg cov khoom yuav tsum tau ntxuav thiab yaug.