Ib txoj kev los txo tus naj npawb ntawm abortions - muaj kev siv ntau yam tshuaj tiv thaiv.
Txoj kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev tiv thaiv tsis zoo yuav ua rau muaj kev xav txog cov khoom noj - tsis muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo uas yuav siv los txhim kho cov poj niam txoj kev noj qab haus huv thiab tiv thaiv ib co kab mob ntawm cov kab mob gynecological, qhov kev ntseeg ntawm txoj kev, nws txoj kev nyab xeeb, thiab tus cwj pwm ntawm tus poj niam. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm txhua yam tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhia los ntawm Perl index, uas yog txiav txim los ntawm tus xov tooj ntawm cev xeeb tub hauv 100 tus poj niam uas siv hom no rau ib xyoos.
Ntawm cov kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kev txawv:
- hormonal
- cov khoom siv nyob rau hauv
- teeb meem
- phais
- Kev qiv nyiaj.
Hormonal txoj kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv.
Rau qhov kawg no, xws li tau siv:
- sib xyaw ua ke (estrogen-gestagenic) cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ncauj;
- gestagenic lub qhov ncauj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (mili-drank);
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev hno tshuaj tiv thaiv;
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Muaj cov khoom uas muaj tib yam nkaus xwb uas tsuas yog ib qho progestin thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv qhov ncauj.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kabmob qhov ncauj (COCs) yog cov kab mob zoo heev uas muaj ib qho tshuaj estrogenic thiab progestational.
COC inhibit qhov ntau lawm cov tshuaj hormones uas pab txhawb rau cov ovulation. Cov kev hloov hauv cov kev ntsuas endometrium, thaum noj COC, tsis txhob cia lub qe fertilized qog tau. Thiab kuj COC pab txo cov ntshav kom ntshav tsawg thaum cev ntshav, txo qhov ntev ntawm kev hnyav, mob, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim cov kab mob rau cov kab mob.
Cov kev muaj mob muaj xws li cov kev mob uas tej zaum tau tshwm sim thaum noj cov ntawv COC. Nyob rau hauv thawj qhov chaw, qhov no tsis tseem ceeb txaus siab, mob taub hau, kiv taub hau, mob siab tsis zoo.
Cov txiaj ntsim ntawm txoj kev no yog : kev ua haujlwm siab, kev yooj yim ntawm kev siv, rov muaj dua, zoo ntawm kev ua rau me nyuam yaus thiab feem ntau ntawm cov poj niam lub cev (tawv nqaij, plaub hau). Cov poj niam uas tsis tu ncua thiab ntev ntev (tsawg kawg 2 xyoos) yuav tsum ua kom COC qee zaus cov kab mob oncological ntawm qhov kev ua me nyuam, kev loj hlob ntawm mastopathy thiab postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Contraindication rau kev siv COC yog cev xeeb tub, vascular mob thaum lub sijhawm lossis hauv anamnesis (ntshav siab, thrombophlebitis, IHS, cwj nrag). Koj tsis tuaj yeem noj cov txiv neej haus luam yeeb tom qab muaj hnub nyoog 35 xyoos, nrog rau daim siab mob qog uas muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm nws txoj haujlwm, hormone-dependent hlav, muaj cov ntshav tsis meej txog etiology, rog.
Gestagenic qhov ncauj tawm tshuaj .
Cov no tsuas yog cov kws kho mob xwb. Cov kab mob gestagenic tiv thaiv tau zoo dua hauv cov poj niam laus. Feem ntau lawv tau hais kom mob hnyav thiab cov poj niam laus ua qog, mob mastalgia, premenstrual syndrome. Ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias cov tshuaj gestagenic noj tau thaum lub caij ua menyuam.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev hnoos huam tuaj.
Muaj cov tshuaj coj mus kuaj hnyuv txhaws thiab tshuaj tivthaiv ib leeg, uas suav nrog kev ua haujlwm ntev heev. Nyob rau hauv no pawg ntawm cov tshuaj, feem ntau yog cov depot-pov thawj.
Tsis ntev los no, lawv siv cov tshuaj gestagenic implantation . cov kev npaj no nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov hnyuv yog implanted nyob rau hauv daim tawv nqaij. Qhov no muab ib qho txiaj ntsim zoo rau kev siv tsib xyoos.
Intrauterine ntaus ntawv tiv thaiv kab mob (IUD).
Uterine "spirals" yog siv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob intrauterine. Lawv txo cov viability ntawm spermatozoa, txhim khu lub zog ntawm cov qoob loo ntawm cov qoob loo, qhov txo qis ntawm lub qe, txhawb cov tshuaj antiperistalsis ntawm lub plab hlaub.
Yog hais tias fertilization tau noj qhov chaw, qhov pib ntawm qhov muaj menyuam hauv plab yog hampered los ntawm: ib qho kev hloov hauv cov peristalsis ntawm cov hlab thiab qhov kev ua haujlwm contractile ntawm lub tsev menyuam, hloov hauv cov txheej txheem metabolic hauv endometrium.
Hormonal intrauterine contraceptives (Mirena), tsis tas li ntawd, zais cia ib yam tshuaj hormone thiab ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hormone-conditioned contraceptive.
Contraindications rau IUD: tsis tuaj yeem siv thaum cev xeeb tub, mob khees xaws ntawm lub tsev menyuam los yog lub tsev menyuam, cov ntshav hlab ntaws, cov kab mob hauv qhov chaw mos. Yog hais tias muaj ib qho ectopic cev xeeb tub hauv lub anemnesis, ces kev siv cov IUDs tsuas yog ua tau yog tias lwm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob muaj kev tiv thaiv.
Teeb meem txoj kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv.
Cov no muaj xws li: txiv neej cov hnab looj qog, lub plawv mob hauv plab, ncauj tsev menyuam thiab tshuaj tua kabmob.
Teeb meem txoj kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv tsis pub muaj kev tawm dagzog rau cov kev ua phev rau qhov chaw mos (condom), thiab lub ncauj tsev menyuam (lub kaus mom, lub diaphragms), ua haujlwm hauv cov phev (phevicide). Spermicides muaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom - cream, jellies, foaming ntsiav tshuaj, sponges.
Ib qho zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yog tias lawv muaj cov cuab yeej rau qee yam los tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm kev sib deev mob. Condoms yog ua los ntawm latex thiab zoo heev tiv thaiv kab mob HIV thiab kab mob siab B thiab C kab mob.
Kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog siv dav hauv ntau lub teb chaws hauv ntiaj teb. Txoj kev tiv thaiv ntawm hom tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis zoo no nce mus txog 100%, txawm tias muaj qhov muaj menyuam hauv plab thiab tom qab siv tshuaj tiv thaiv. Poj niam kom tsis tuaj yeem yog coj los ntawm kev siv cov hlab ntaws hauv kev phais plawv, thiab tus txiv neej yog ib qho los ntawm hnav khaub ncaws ntawm lub vas deferens. Lub disadvantage ntawm no yog nws tsis-negotiability.
Kev siv tshuaj tiv thaiv tom qab siv thaum tsis muaj kev sib deev, tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm lwm txoj kev, twb tau coj qhov chaw lawm. Siv COC - 2-4 ntsiav tshuaj, tsis pub dhau 72 teev tom qab kev sib deev ob zaug hauv 12 teev.
Dinazol, postinor yog noj hauv thawj 72 teev ob zaug hauv 12 teev.
Muaj kuj yog ib txoj kev ntsuas kub ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob . Nws yog nce raws li kev sib deev ntawm kev sib daj sib deev 3 hnub ua ntej thiab 3-4 hnub tom qab ovulation. Los txiav txim siab rau hnub ntawm ovulation siv ib qhov kev ntsuas kub hauv qab thiab lub rooj. Cov khoos kas tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem raug rub tawm hauv Is Taws Nem thiab tsuas nkag mus rau qhov txias txias txhua hnub. Qhov kev zov me nyuam nws tus kheej txiav txim siab hnub ntawm ovulation.