Tus me nyuam mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm kev loj hlob thaum ntxov
Cov phenomenon yog heev tshiab, tab sis cov niam txiv nws yog twb nrov heev. Feem ntau hauv cov tsev zov me nyuam no, cov chav kawm muaj nyob nrog cov me nyuam los ntawm 1.5 xyoos, tab sis qee cov kev qhia rau cov me nyuam muaj 6 hli. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab cuam: kev loj hlob ntawm lub siab lub hlwb, kev xav, kev nco, kev sib txuas lus. Hauv kev loj hlob cov chaw ntxov, cov me nyuam tsis yog ua si xwb, tab sis cov xim pleev xim, khov, thiab cov suab paj nruag - tag nrho lawv tau ua nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv yoog rau cov menyuam yaus. Cov ntaub ntawv teev npe rau lub tsev kawm ntawv uas paub zoo, lub tsev kawm ntawv zoo tuaj yeem ua tiav ntev ua ntej pib kawm ntawv.
Cov niam txiv twg xav paub txog
Qhov tseeb, yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsim los ntawm kev hloov qhov teeb meem, los ntawm kev sib txuas lus nrog lwm cov niam txiv thiab cov menyuam yaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov niam txiv thiab cov menyuam yaus uas siv ntau lub sijhawm nyob hauv tsev, ib leeg ntawm ib leeg. Thiab ntawm chav kawm, tus me nyuam hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv no yuav siv sai sai rau cov pab pawg, uas yuav ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau nws los hloov hauv kindergarten. Tab sis yog tias koj tsis muaj lub sijhawm los ntsib qhov chaw ntawm kev loj hlob thaum ntxov, nws zoo. Tus menyuam uas nyob hauv ib tsev neeg uas nws tau txais kev txaus siab tsim txhua yam, thiab tsis muaj cov chav kawm tshwj xeeb rau qhov no.
Tus menyuam mus rau kindergarten
Lub tsev kawm ntawv qub pib tshwm sim xyoo 1837 hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees. Nws hu ua raws nraim li nws yog tam sim no, ib qib kindergarten. Tus founder thiab inspirer ntawm xws li cov koom haum rau cov me nyuam yaus - tus kws qhia lus German Friedrich Frobel - yog ib tug neeg rhiab thiab poetic tus neeg. Nws sib piv cov me nyuam yaus nrog paj thiab ntseeg hais tias nyob rau hauv txhua tus me nyuam qhov muaj qhov zoo nkauj thiab nws yuav tawg paj nruag - koj tsuas yog xav tsim kom tsim nyog. Txuas ntxiv tom qab "vaj" thiab "nesadovyh" cov me nyuam, Cov kws qhia ntawv German xaus: kev ua si, koom ua ke thiab cov chav kawm zoo tshaj plaws rau cov me nyuam kev loj hlob. Ntxiv rau, lub hnub nyoog uas cov me nyuam pib kawm kindergarten yog qhov zoo rau kev pib kawm ntawv. Tab sis cov txiaj ntsig yuav txiav txim siab tsuas yog los ntawm cov kev cai dab tsi tsim rau tus me nyuam hauv qib kindergarten thiab seb nws zoo li cas.
Cov niam txiv twg xav paub txog
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws los ntawm qhov kev vam meej ntawm kev mus saib ntawm kindergarten yuav nyob ntawm seb - cov xib fwb. Rau ib tug me nyuam yaus nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas ib tug neeg laus uas nrog nws nyob nrog nws. Kev ua siab zoo, kev sov so, kev txhawb nqa - qhov no yog qhov chaw uas tus me nyuam muaj peev xwm loj hlob zoo, kawm tau thiab qhia tau tias nws muaj peev xwm li cas. Tuaj koom rau kindergarten ob peb zaug ntawm ntau lub sijhawm thiab pom tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim nyob rau ntawd. Nco ntsoov tias tus xib fwb hlub cov me nyuam, thiab txhua tsav txhua yam (xws li nws txoj hauj lwm hauv kev kawm, qhov ntev ntawm kev ua hauj lwm thiab kev kawm haujlwm) yog theem nrab. Lub hnub nyoog zoo tshaj plaws pib tuaj xyuas lub vaj yog 3 xyoos. Thaum lub hnub nyoog no tus me nyuam twb muaj ntau yam kev nyiam, thiab kev ywj pheej tau mus txog theem uas tsis tas yuav tsum muaj rau leej niam lub cev.
Tus menyuam mus kawm ntawv
Txawm 10 xyoo dhau los, tej kab lus "tsev kawm ntawv xaiv" tsis yog. Cov menyuam feem coob tau mus rau cov tsev kawm ntawv uas nyob nrog lawv thaj chaw ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob thiab mus ntsiag to rau ntawd. Hauv txujci, txawm tamsis no koj tuaj yeem ua tau tib yam, tiamsis muaj ntau tus niam txiv tau pib nug ua lus nug hauv ib lub xyoo los yog ob xyoos thiaj li xa lawv tus menyuam mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv zoo tshaj plaws. Tom qab tag nrho, cov tsev kawm theem nrab tau dhau los txawv txav. Muaj cov tsev kawm ntawv yooj yim, thiab muaj cov chav ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb thiab lyceums, pej xeem thiab ntiag tug, nrog cov kev kawm thiab cov neeg tshwj xeeb. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xaiv txoj kev xaiv tiag.
Cov niam txiv twg xav paub txog
Lub tsev kawm ntawv yog qhov chaw uas koj tus me nyuam yuav tau txais kev paub txog kev txawj ntse thiab yuav siv sij hawm ntau heev nrog tib tus tib neeg, raws li tib txoj cai. Tsis muaj lub tsev kawm ntawv xav tau hu ua tsev thib ob. Li ntawd, koj yuav tsum xaiv nws zoo li lub tsev: ua zoo rau txhua tus ntxhiab. Dab tsi?
- Kev Txhim Kho. Koj tsis tas yuav nug cov lus nug tsis zoo xws li: "Qhia rau kuv, cov menyuam uas koj kawm tau los ntawm koj niam koj txiv?". Koj yuav pom thiab hnov txhua yam koj tus kheej yog tias koj mus kawm ntawv kom pib kawm ntawv thiab saib xyuas cov niam txiv uas coj lawv cov menyuam tuaj rau tom tsev kawm ntawv.
- Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev paub. Ib lub tsev kawm ntawv muaj kev zoo siab los ntawm nws cov kev ua tiav hauv kev paub txog kev paub, yog tias, ntawm chav kawm, lawv yog. Koj ncaj qha rau hauv lub tsev yuav pom cov diplomas ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv rau cov chaw nyob hauv kev ua si hauv kev sib tw thiab kev sib tw, thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev nkag mus rau cov tebchaws tau ntau xyoo.
- Pedagogical muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qhov tseeb, nws zoo dua yog tias cov xib fwb muaj kev ua hauj lwm thiab kev tsim nyog muaj npe. Tiam sis tib neeg cov yeeb yam tseem tsis tseem ceeb dua thiab hnyav. Rau cov neeg kawm qib ib nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tau xaiv thawj tus xib fwb zoo, muaj lub siab dawb paug thiab ua siab dawb.
- Cwj pwm ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm. Nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv zoo los ntawm tus pib, ib tug xav tias cov me nyuam nyiam nyob ntawm no. Kev ruaj ntseg, tsev kawm ntawv chav noj mov, chaw kho mob, library, studios thiab mugs, kev sib tw kis las - tag nrho cov menyuam yaus kom muaj kev txaus siab, tsis yog qhia tawm. Cov xib fwb thiab tus thawj coj feem ntau paub cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv lawv lub npe, lawv yog cov phooj ywg thaum lawv ntsib lawv, lawv muaj tseeb thiab paub cai hauv kev sib raug zoo, txawm tias cov neeg mob tsis zoo.